The relationship between Pseudo-nitzschia (Peragallo) and domoic acid in Scottish shellfish. 2017

E Bresnan, and R J Fryer, and S Fraser, and N Smith, and L Stobo, and N Brown, and E Turrell
Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, UK. Electronic address: Eileen.Bresnan@gov.scot.

The diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia (Peragallo) associated with the production of domoic acid (DA), the toxin reposnsible for amnesic shellfish poisoning, is abundant in Scottish waters. A two year study examined the relationship between Pseudo-nitzschia cells in the water column and DA concentration in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) at two sites, and king scallops (Pecten maximus) at one site. The rate of DA uptake and depuration differed greatly between the two species with M. edulis whole tissue accumulating and depurating 7μgg-1 (now expressed as mgkg-1) per week. In contrast, it took 12 weeks for DA to depurate from P. maximus gonad tissue from a concentration of 68μgg-1 (now mgkg-1) to <20μgg-1 (now mgkg-1). The DA depuration rate from P. maximus whole tissue was <5% per week during both years of the study. Correlations between the Pseudo-nitzschia cell densities and toxin concentrations were weak to moderate for M. edulis and weak for P. maximus. Seasonal diversity on a species level was observed within the Pseudo-nitzschia genus at both sites with more DA toxicity associated with summer/autumn Pseudo-nitzschia blooms when P. australis was observed in phytoplankton samples. This study reveals the marked difference in DA uptake and depuration in two shellfish species of commercial importance in Scotland. The use of these shellfish species to act as a proxy for DA in the environment still requires investigation.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007608 Kainic Acid (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose. Digenic Acid,Kainate,Acid, Digenic,Acid, Kainic
D008387 Marine Toxins Toxic or poisonous substances elaborated by marine flora or fauna. They include also specific, characterized poisons or toxins for which there is no more specific heading, like those from poisonous FISHES. Marine Biotoxins,Phycotoxins
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012606 Scotland The most northerly of the four countries of the United Kingdom, occupying about one-third of the island of Great Britain. The capital is Edinburgh.
D012758 Shellfish Aquatic invertebrates belonging to the phylum MOLLUSCA or the subphylum CRUSTACEA, and used as food.
D017377 Diatoms The common name for the phylum of microscopic unicellular STRAMENOPILES. Most are aquatic, being found in fresh, brackish, and salt water. Diatoms are noted for the symmetry and sculpturing of their siliceous cell walls. They account for 40% of PHYTOPLANKTON, but not all diatoms are planktonic. Bacillariophyta,Bacillariophytas,Diatom
D057096 Shellfish Poisoning Poisoning from toxins present in bivalve mollusks that have been ingested. Four distinct types of shellfish poisoning are recognized based on the toxin involved. Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning,Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning,Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning,Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning,Amnesic Shellfish Poisonings,Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisonings,Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisonings,Paralytic Shellfish Poisonings,Poisoning, Amnesic Shellfish,Poisoning, Diarrhetic Shellfish,Poisoning, Neurotoxic Shellfish,Poisoning, Paralytic Shellfish,Poisoning, Shellfish,Poisonings, Amnesic Shellfish,Poisonings, Diarrhetic Shellfish,Poisonings, Neurotoxic Shellfish,Poisonings, Paralytic Shellfish,Poisonings, Shellfish,Shellfish Poisoning, Amnesic,Shellfish Poisoning, Diarrhetic,Shellfish Poisoning, Neurotoxic,Shellfish Poisoning, Paralytic,Shellfish Poisonings,Shellfish Poisonings, Amnesic,Shellfish Poisonings, Diarrhetic,Shellfish Poisonings, Neurotoxic,Shellfish Poisonings, Paralytic

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