Biomaterial Database

Increased biosynthesis of endoneurial oligohexosylceramides in human peripheral neuropathy. 1987

J K Yao, and P J Dyck

Psychiatry Service, VA Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15206.

Studying in vitro incorporation of [3H]galactose into biopsied sural endoneurium, we have demonstrated biosynthesis of glucocerebroside and its homologs, lactosylceramide, trihexosylceramide, and tetrahexosylceramide, in normal adult human sural nerve. Such in vitro biosynthesis of oligohexosylceramides is markedly increased in biopsied sural nerve from patients with various types of peripheral neuropathy. Since this altered glycosphingolipid biosynthesis occurs in several diversely caused polyneuropathies, it presumably relates to degenerative or regenerative events characteristic of neuropathy rather than a specific variety of neuropathy.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010523	Peripheral Nervous System Diseases	Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves.	Peripheral Nerve Diseases,Peripheral Neuropathies,PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) Diseases,PNS Diseases,Peripheral Nervous System Disease,Peripheral Nervous System Disorders,Nerve Disease, Peripheral,Nerve Diseases, Peripheral,Neuropathy, Peripheral,PNS Disease,Peripheral Nerve Disease,Peripheral Neuropathy
D002554	Cerebrosides	Neutral glycosphingolipids that contain a monosaccharide, normally glucose or galactose, in 1-ortho-beta-glycosidic linkage with the primary alcohol of an N-acyl sphingoid (ceramide). In plants the monosaccharide is normally glucose and the sphingoid usually phytosphingosine. In animals, the monosaccharide is usually galactose, though this may vary with the tissue and the sphingoid is usually sphingosine or dihydrosphingosine. (From Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1st ed)
D005963	Glucosylceramides	Cerebrosides which contain as their polar head group a glucose moiety bound in glycosidic linkage to the hydroxyl group of ceramides. Their accumulation in tissue, due to a defect in beta-glucosidase, is the cause of Gaucher's disease.	Glucocerebroside,Glucocerebrosides,Glucosyl Ceramide,Glucosyl Ceramides,Glucosylceramide,Ceramide, Glucosyl,Ceramides, Glucosyl
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013127	Spinal Nerves	The 31 paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment. The spinal nerve plexuses and the spinal roots are also included.	Nerve, Spinal,Nerves, Spinal,Spinal Nerve
D013497	Sural Nerve	A branch of the tibial nerve which supplies sensory innervation to parts of the lower leg and foot.	Nerve, Sural,Nerves, Sural,Sural Nerves
D066298	In Vitro Techniques	Methods to study reactions or processes taking place in an artificial environment outside the living organism.	In Vitro Test,In Vitro Testing,In Vitro Tests,In Vitro as Topic,In Vitro,In Vitro Technique,In Vitro Testings,Technique, In Vitro,Techniques, In Vitro,Test, In Vitro,Testing, In Vitro,Testings, In Vitro,Tests, In Vitro,Vitro Testing, In