Biomaterial Database

Activities of enzymes of phospholipid and fatty acid synthesis in fetal and adult rat type II pneumocytes. 1988

M J Kresch, and D A Smart, and C M Wilson, and I Gross, and S A Rooney

Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.

Although differentiated fetal and adult type II pneumocytes are ultrastructurally similar, it is not known whether there are metabolic differences between them. We measured the activities of selected enzymes of phospholipid and fatty acid synthesis in fetal and adult rat type II cells, in late gestation fetal rat lung explants and in intact lung from rat fetuses of comparable gestational age. The activity of 1-acylglycerophosphocholine acyltransferase was significantly greater in adult type II cells than in fetal type II cells, fetal explants or intact fetal lung. The activity of CDP diacylglycerol:glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase was similar in fetal and adult type II cells, but significantly lower in explants and intact fetal lung. There was a significant positive correlation between the percentage of alveolar epithelial cells in the cultures and tissue studied and CDP diacylglycerol:glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase activity. This suggests that the previously reported correlation between phosphatidylglycerol synthesis and the percentage of alveolar epithelial cells in various lung culture systems may be related to the activity of this enzyme. Phosphatidylglycerol synthesis and CDP diacylglycerol:glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase activity may be metabolic markers of type II cells, whereas the acyltransferase activity may be an indicator of type II cell maturation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008168	Lung	Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.	Lungs
D008243	1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase	An enzyme localized predominantly within the plasma membrane of lymphocytes. It catalyzes the transfer of long-chain fatty acids, preferentially unsaturated fatty acids, to lysophosphatides with the formation of 1,2-diacylglycero-3-phosphocholine and CoA. EC 2.3.1.23.	1-Acylglycerophosphocholine Acyltransferase,Acyl CoA Lysolecithin Acyltransferase,Lysolecithin Acyltransferase,Acyl-CoA-1-Acylglycero-3-Phosphocholine-O-Acyltransferase,Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferase,Lysophosphatidylcholine-Palmitoyl CoA Acyltransferase,Lysophospholipid Acyltransferase,1 Acylglycerophosphocholine Acyltransferase,1 Acylglycerophosphocholine O Acyltransferase,Acyl CoA 1 Acylglycero 3 Phosphocholine O Acyltransferase,Acyltransferase, 1-Acylglycerophosphocholine,Acyltransferase, Lysolecithin,Acyltransferase, Lysophosphatidylcholine,Acyltransferase, Lysophosphatidylcholine-Palmitoyl CoA,Acyltransferase, Lysophospholipid,CoA Acyltransferase, Lysophosphatidylcholine-Palmitoyl,Lysophosphatidylcholine Palmitoyl CoA Acyltransferase,O-Acyltransferase, 1-Acylglycerophosphocholine
D010743	Phospholipids	Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system.	Phosphatides,Phospholipid
D010770	Phosphotransferases	A rather large group of enzymes comprising not only those transferring phosphate but also diphosphate, nucleotidyl residues, and others. These have also been subdivided according to the acceptor group. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.7.	Kinases,Phosphotransferase,Phosphotransferases, ATP,Transphosphorylase,Transphosphorylases,Kinase,ATP Phosphotransferases
D011650	Pulmonary Alveoli	Small polyhedral outpouchings along the walls of the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles through the walls of which gas exchange between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood takes place.	Alveoli, Pulmonary,Alveolus, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Alveolus
D004847	Epithelial Cells	Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.	Adenomatous Epithelial Cells,Columnar Glandular Epithelial Cells,Cuboidal Glandular Epithelial Cells,Glandular Epithelial Cells,Squamous Cells,Squamous Epithelial Cells,Transitional Epithelial Cells,Adenomatous Epithelial Cell,Cell, Adenomatous Epithelial,Cell, Epithelial,Cell, Glandular Epithelial,Cell, Squamous,Cell, Squamous Epithelial,Cell, Transitional Epithelial,Cells, Adenomatous Epithelial,Cells, Epithelial,Cells, Glandular Epithelial,Cells, Squamous,Cells, Squamous Epithelial,Cells, Transitional Epithelial,Epithelial Cell,Epithelial Cell, Adenomatous,Epithelial Cell, Glandular,Epithelial Cell, Squamous,Epithelial Cell, Transitional,Epithelial Cells, Adenomatous,Epithelial Cells, Glandular,Epithelial Cells, Squamous,Epithelial Cells, Transitional,Glandular Epithelial Cell,Squamous Cell,Squamous Epithelial Cell,Transitional Epithelial Cell
D004848	Epithelium	The layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS which cover the inner and outer surfaces of the cutaneous, mucus, and serous tissues and glands of the body.	Mesothelium,Epithelial Tissue,Mesothelial Tissue,Epithelial Tissues,Mesothelial Tissues,Tissue, Epithelial,Tissue, Mesothelial,Tissues, Epithelial,Tissues, Mesothelial
D005227	Fatty Acids	Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Aliphatic Acid,Esterified Fatty Acid,Fatty Acid,Fatty Acids, Esterified,Fatty Acids, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acid,Aliphatic Acids,Acid, Aliphatic,Acid, Esterified Fatty,Acid, Saturated Fatty,Esterified Fatty Acids,Fatty Acid, Esterified,Fatty Acid, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acids
D005333	Fetus	The unborn young of a viviparous mammal, in the postembryonic period, after the major structures have been outlined. In humans, the unborn young from the end of the eighth week after CONCEPTION until BIRTH, as distinguished from the earlier EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.	Fetal Structures,Fetal Tissue,Fetuses,Mummified Fetus,Retained Fetus,Fetal Structure,Fetal Tissues,Fetus, Mummified,Fetus, Retained,Structure, Fetal,Structures, Fetal,Tissue, Fetal,Tissues, Fetal
D000375	Aging	The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	Senescence,Aging, Biological,Biological Aging