Biomaterial Database

Evidence for PQQ as cofactor in 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) decarboxylase of pig kidney. 1988

B W Groen, and R A van der Meer, and J A Duine

Department of Microbiology and Enzymology, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.

Pig kidney 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.28) was purified to homogeneity. Treatment of the enzyme with phenylhydrazine (PH) according to a procedure developed for analysis of quinoproteins gave products which were identified as the hydrazone of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) and the C(5)-hydrazone of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ). This method failed, however, in quantifying the amounts of cofactor. Direct hydrolysis of the enzyme by refluxing with hexanol and concentrated HCl led to detachment of PQQ from the protein in a quantity of 1 PQQ per enzyme molecule. In view of the reactivity of PQQ towards amines and amino acids, we postulate that it participates as a covalently bound cofactor in the catalytic cycle of the enzyme, in interplay with PLP. Since several other enzymes have been reported to show the atypical behaviour of dopa decarboxylase, it seems that the PLP-containing group of enzymes can be subdivided into pyridoxoproteins and pyridoxo-quinoproteins.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007668	Kidney	Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.	Kidneys
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D002851	Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid	Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.	Chromatography, High Performance Liquid,Chromatography, High Speed Liquid,Chromatography, Liquid, High Pressure,HPLC,High Performance Liquid Chromatography,High-Performance Liquid Chromatography,UPLC,Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography,Chromatography, High-Performance Liquid,High-Performance Liquid Chromatographies,Liquid Chromatography, High-Performance
D004296	Dopa Decarboxylase	One of the AROMATIC-L-AMINO-ACID DECARBOXYLASES, this enzyme is responsible for the conversion of DOPA to DOPAMINE. It is of clinical importance in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.	Decarboxylase, Dopa
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001142	Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases	An enzyme group with broad specificity. The enzymes decarboxylate a range of aromatic amino acids including dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA DECARBOXYLASE); TRYPTOPHAN; and HYDROXYTRYPTOPHAN.	Amino Acid Decarboxylases, Aromatic,Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase,Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylases,5-HTPase,5-Hydroxytryptophan Decarboxylase,Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylase,Hydroxytryptophan Decarboxylase,Tryptophan Decarboxylase,5 HTPase,5 Hydroxytryptophan Decarboxylase,Aromatic L Amino Acid Decarboxylase,Aromatic L Amino Acid Decarboxylases,Decarboxylase, 5-Hydroxytryptophan,Decarboxylase, Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid,Decarboxylase, Hydroxytryptophan,Decarboxylase, Tryptophan,Decarboxylases, Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid
D013053	Spectrophotometry	The art or process of comparing photometrically the relative intensities of the light in different parts of the spectrum.
D013552	Swine	Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).	Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog
D015363	Quinolones	A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.	Ketoquinoline,Ketoquinolines,Oxoquinoline,Oxoquinolines,Quinolinone,Quinolinones,Quinolone
D045542	PQQ Cofactor	A pyrrolo-quinoline having two adjacent keto-groups at the 4 and 5 positions and three acidic carboxyl groups. It is a coenzyme of some DEHYDROGENASES.	Methoxatin,2,7,9-Tricarboxy-1H-Pyrrolo-(2,3-f)Quinoline-4,5-Dione,2,7,9-Tricarboxypyrroloquinoline Quinone,4,5-Dihydro-4,5-Dioxo-1-H-Pyrrolo(2,3-f)Quinoline-2,7,9-Tricarboxylic Acid,Coenzyme PQQ,PQQ Coenzyme,Pyrrolo-Quinoline Quinone,Pyrroloquinoline Quinone,Coenzyme, PQQ,Cofactor, PQQ,PQQ, Coenzyme,Pyrrolo Quinoline Quinone,Quinone, Pyrrolo-Quinoline,Quinone, Pyrroloquinoline