Biomaterial Database

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte cytoplasts mediate acute lung injury. 1988

V B Antony, and C L Owen, and D English

Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Injection of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) into polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)-depleted, PMN cytoplast-repleted New Zealand White rabbits caused the development of acute lung injury in vivo. PMN cytoplasts are nucleus- and granule-free vesicles of cytoplasm capable of releasing toxic O2 radicals but incapable of releasing granule enzymes. PMN cytoplasts when activated by PMA reduced 66 +/- 12.7 nmol of cytochrome c compared with 2.6 +/- 0.7 nmol in their resting state and did not release a significant quantity of granule enzymes (P greater than 0.05). Injection of PMA into New Zealand White rabbits caused a significant decrease (P less than 0.05) in the number of circulating cytoplasts. Increases in lung weight-to-body weight ratios in PMA-treated rabbits (9.8 +/- 0.5 X 10(-3] compared with saline-treated rabbits (5.3 +/- 0.2 X 10(-3] were also noted. Levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme in lung lavage as well as the change in alveolar-arterial O2 ratio correlated with the numbers of cytoplasts in lung lavage (P = 0.001, r = 0.84 and P = 0.0166, r = 0.73, respectively). Albumin in lung lavage increased to 1,700 +/- 186 mg/ml in PMA-treated rabbits from 60 +/- 30 mg/ml in saline-treated rabbits. These changes were attenuated by pretreatment of rabbits with dimethylthiourea (DMTU). In vitro, cytoplasts were able to mediate increases in endothelial monolayer permeability. This was evidenced by increases in fractional transit of albumin across endothelial monolayers when treated with PMA-activated cytoplasts (0.08 +/- 0.01 to 0.28 +/- 0.02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007703	Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A	A peptidyl-dipeptidase that catalyzes the release of a C-terminal dipeptide, oligopeptide-\|-Xaa-Yaa, when Xaa is not Pro, and Yaa is neither Asp nor Glu. Thus, conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, with increase in vasoconstrictor activity, but no action on angiotensin II. It is also able to inactivate BRADYKININ, a potent vasodilator; and has a glycosidase activity which releases GPI-anchored proteins from the membrane by cleaving the mannose linkage in the GPI moiety. (From https://www.uniprot.org April 15, 2020).	ACE1 Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 1,ACE1 Protein,Angiotensin Converting Enzyme,Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 1,Antigens, CD143,CD143 Antigens,Dipeptidyl Carboxypeptidase I,Kininase II,Peptidase P,Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme,Carboxycathepsin,Dipeptidyl Peptidase A,Kininase A,ACE1 Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 1,Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme,Carboxypeptidase I, Dipeptidyl,Peptidyl Dipeptidase A
D008168	Lung	Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.	Lungs
D008171	Lung Diseases	Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.	Pulmonary Diseases,Disease, Pulmonary,Diseases, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Disease,Disease, Lung,Diseases, Lung,Lung Disease
D009504	Neutrophils	Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.	LE Cells,Leukocytes, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils,Neutrophil Band Cells,Band Cell, Neutrophil,Cell, LE,LE Cell,Leukocyte, Polymorphonuclear,Neutrophil,Neutrophil Band Cell,Neutrophil, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil
D011654	Pulmonary Edema	Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.	Wet Lung,Edema, Pulmonary,Edemas, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Edemas,Lung, Wet,Lungs, Wet,Wet Lungs
D011817	Rabbits	A burrowing plant-eating mammal with hind limbs that are longer than its fore limbs. It belongs to the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha, and in contrast to hares, possesses 22 instead of 24 pairs of chromosomes.	Belgian Hare,New Zealand Rabbit,New Zealand Rabbits,New Zealand White Rabbit,Rabbit,Rabbit, Domestic,Chinchilla Rabbits,NZW Rabbits,New Zealand White Rabbits,Oryctolagus cuniculus,Chinchilla Rabbit,Domestic Rabbit,Domestic Rabbits,Hare, Belgian,NZW Rabbit,Rabbit, Chinchilla,Rabbit, NZW,Rabbit, New Zealand,Rabbits, Chinchilla,Rabbits, Domestic,Rabbits, NZW,Rabbits, New Zealand,Zealand Rabbit, New,Zealand Rabbits, New,cuniculus, Oryctolagus
D001992	Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid	Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung.	Alveolar Lavage Fluid,Bronchial Lavage Fluid,Lung Lavage Fluid,Bronchial Alveolar Lavage Fluid,Lavage Fluid, Bronchial,Lavage Fluid, Lung,Pulmonary Lavage Fluid,Alveolar Lavage Fluids,Bronchial Lavage Fluids,Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids,Lavage Fluid, Alveolar,Lavage Fluid, Bronchoalveolar,Lavage Fluid, Pulmonary,Lavage Fluids, Alveolar,Lavage Fluids, Bronchial,Lavage Fluids, Bronchoalveolar,Lavage Fluids, Lung,Lavage Fluids, Pulmonary,Lung Lavage Fluids,Pulmonary Lavage Fluids
D002463	Cell Membrane Permeability	A quality of cell membranes which permits the passage of solvents and solutes into and out of cells.	Permeability, Cell Membrane
D002634	Chemotaxis, Leukocyte	The movement of leukocytes in response to a chemical concentration gradient or to products formed in an immunologic reaction.	Leukotaxis,Leukocyte Chemotaxis
D004727	Endothelium	A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR), lymph vessels (ENDOTHELIUM, LYMPHATIC), and the serous cavities of the body.	Endotheliums