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The incidence of metastasis and prognostic factors for metastasis in 780 consecutive patients with uveal melanomas treated with proton beam irradiation were evaluated. Metastasis developed in 64 patients (8%). The median time from treatment to the diagnosis of metastasis was 2.1 years (range, 3 months to 7.3 years). The liver was primarily involved in 58 (90%) patients. The 5-year cumulative probability of metastasis developing was 20%. Prognostic factors for metastasis developing were quite comparable to those found for patients treated by enucleation and included largest tumor diameter, involvement of the ciliary body, older age, and extrascleral extension. Surgical localization, tumor height, and elevated liver enzymes before treatment were not important factors in the development of metastasis.
E S Gragoudas, and
J M Seddon, and
K M Egan, and
R J Glynn, and
M Goitein, and
J Munzenrider, and
L Verhey, and
M Urie, and
A Koehler
March 2005,
Ophthalmology clinics of North America,
E S Gragoudas, and
J M Seddon, and
K M Egan, and
R J Glynn, and
M Goitein, and
J Munzenrider, and
L Verhey, and
M Urie, and
A Koehler
February 1995,
American journal of ophthalmology,
E S Gragoudas, and
J M Seddon, and
K M Egan, and
R J Glynn, and
M Goitein, and
J Munzenrider, and
L Verhey, and
M Urie, and
A Koehler
November 2001,
The British journal of ophthalmology,
E S Gragoudas, and
J M Seddon, and
K M Egan, and
R J Glynn, and
M Goitein, and
J Munzenrider, and
L Verhey, and
M Urie, and
A Koehler
August 2000,
Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960),
E S Gragoudas, and
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M Goitein, and
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L Verhey, and
M Urie, and
A Koehler
June 2004,
American journal of ophthalmology,
E S Gragoudas, and
J M Seddon, and
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M Goitein, and
J Munzenrider, and
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M Urie, and
A Koehler
July 2018,
American journal of ophthalmology,
E S Gragoudas, and
J M Seddon, and
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J Munzenrider, and
L Verhey, and
M Urie, and
A Koehler
October 2017,
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A Koehler
July 1982,
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A Koehler
July 2020,
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E S Gragoudas, and
J M Seddon, and
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J Munzenrider, and
L Verhey, and
M Urie, and
A Koehler
March 2003,
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics,
