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The purpose of this review is to describe the osteological, neurological, endocrine and dermatological effects of fluoride ingestion. Additional aims are to evaluate whether the Chilean tap water fluoridation program has had any impact on dental health, and analyze the basis for the Chilean elementary school milk fluoridation program, which is targeted at children living in places where tap water has a fluoride concentration less than 0.3 mg/L, without any artificial fluoridation process. We discuss the finding that both public measures have no direct or remarkable effect on dental health, since topical dental hygiene products are the main and most effective contributors to the prevention of dental decay. We also suggest that the permanent and systematic ingestion of fluorides imposes health risks on the population. Therefore, we recommend reevaluating the national fluoridation program for public tap water and the elementary school milk program.
Verena Romero, and
Frances J Norris, and
Juvenal A Ríos, and
Isel Cortés, and
Andrea González, and
Leonardo Gaete, and
Andrei N Tchernitchin
February 1975,
Quintessenz Journal,
Verena Romero, and
Frances J Norris, and
Juvenal A Ríos, and
Isel Cortés, and
Andrea González, and
Leonardo Gaete, and
Andrei N Tchernitchin
October 2021,
JDR clinical and translational research,
Verena Romero, and
Frances J Norris, and
Juvenal A Ríos, and
Isel Cortés, and
Andrea González, and
Leonardo Gaete, and
Andrei N Tchernitchin
October 1990,
American journal of public health,
Verena Romero, and
Frances J Norris, and
Juvenal A Ríos, and
Isel Cortés, and
Andrea González, and
Leonardo Gaete, and
Andrei N Tchernitchin
March 1974,
Nederlands tijdschrift voor tandheelkunde,
Verena Romero, and
Frances J Norris, and
Juvenal A Ríos, and
Isel Cortés, and
Andrea González, and
Leonardo Gaete, and
Andrei N Tchernitchin
November 2003,
Harefuah,
Verena Romero, and
Frances J Norris, and
Juvenal A Ríos, and
Isel Cortés, and
Andrea González, and
Leonardo Gaete, and
Andrei N Tchernitchin
November 2013,
Acta medica academica,
Verena Romero, and
Frances J Norris, and
Juvenal A Ríos, and
Isel Cortés, and
Andrea González, and
Leonardo Gaete, and
Andrei N Tchernitchin
March 1995,
British dental journal,
Verena Romero, and
Frances J Norris, and
Juvenal A Ríos, and
Isel Cortés, and
Andrea González, and
Leonardo Gaete, and
Andrei N Tchernitchin
March 1966,
Journal of dentistry for children,
Verena Romero, and
Frances J Norris, and
Juvenal A Ríos, and
Isel Cortés, and
Andrea González, and
Leonardo Gaete, and
Andrei N Tchernitchin
February 1954,
Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique,
Verena Romero, and
Frances J Norris, and
Juvenal A Ríos, and
Isel Cortés, and
Andrea González, and
Leonardo Gaete, and
Andrei N Tchernitchin
November 1951,
American journal of public health and the nation's health,
