In summary, the development of new techniques to identify HPV DNA in genital secretions and tissue, the recognition of subclinical HPV infection, and the remarkable association between HPV and genital neoplasia have markedly increased the concern of both patients and physicians about genital wart virus infections. The prevalence of this viral STD appears to be increasing and the clinical spectrum of disease appears to be expanding. New methods to diagnose genital HPV infection and techniques to treat these infections more effectively are under development. It is hoped that these techniques will provide the tools to understand and more effectively control this important infection.