Biomaterial Database

Inflammatory mediators involved in antigen-induced airway microvascular leakage in guinea pigs. 1988

T W Evans, and D F Rogers, and B Aursudkij, and K F Chung, and P J Barnes

Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Antigen challenge of ovalbumin (OA)-sensitized guinea pigs results in significant (p less than 0.05) increases in vascular permeability to Evans blue (EB) dye in the airways, esophagus, and bladder. Mean values +/- SEM in ng EB/mg wet weight tissue for unsensitized versus sensitized animals were: trachea, 23.6 +/- 6.6 versus 92.5 +/- 11.1; main bronchi, 31.1 +/- 12.2 versus 153.1 +/- 14.9; "central" intrapulmonary airways (ipa), 34.6 +/- 11.2 versus 101.3 +/- 6.2; and "peripheral" ipa, 26.2 +/- 6.8 versus 93.5 +/- 13.6. We investigated the involvement of several mediators of inflammation in this process. FPL 55712, a sulfidopeptide leukotriene receptor antagonist, caused significant inhibition of leakage in trachea (to 55.1 +/- 9.8) and main bronchi (91.7 +/- 15.8). Blockade of the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways with BW 755C, but not of the cyclooxygenase pathway alone with indomethacin, also significantly reduced EB dye extravasation in trachea (55.1 +/- 18.0), main bronchi (71.7 +/- 23.0), and "central" ipa (62.7 +/- 16.4). The histamine antagonists, chlorpheniramine and cimetidine, only inhibited microvascular leakage in main bronchi (94.4 +/- 20.0). PAF-receptor blockade with the ginkgolide mixture BN 52063 had no effect. Nedocromil sodium, a mast cell stabilizer and an inhibitor of inflammatory cell activation, caused significant inhibition throughout the airways: trachea, 50.4 +/- 10.6; main bronchi, 72.0 +/- 15.3; "central" ipa 61.0 +/- 8.6; "peripheral" ipa 41.9 +/- 12.2. Thus, histamine and lipoxygenase products (in particular, leukotrienes), but not PAF, may mediate the antigen-induced increase in vascular permeability to different degrees in differing regions of the respiratory tract in guinea pigs.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007114	Immunization	Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).	Immunologic Stimulation,Immunostimulation,Sensitization, Immunologic,Variolation,Immunologic Sensitization,Immunological Stimulation,Sensitization, Immunological,Stimulation, Immunologic,Immunizations,Immunological Sensitization,Immunological Sensitizations,Immunological Stimulations,Sensitizations, Immunological,Stimulation, Immunological,Stimulations, Immunological,Variolations
D007213	Indomethacin	A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.	Amuno,Indocid,Indocin,Indomet 140,Indometacin,Indomethacin Hydrochloride,Metindol,Osmosin
D007249	Inflammation	A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	Innate Inflammatory Response,Inflammations,Inflammatory Response, Innate,Innate Inflammatory Responses
D007783	Lactones	Cyclic esters of hydroxy carboxylic acids, containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure. Large cyclic lactones of over a dozen atoms are MACROLIDES.	Lactone
D007830	Larynx	A tubular organ of VOICE production. It is located in the anterior neck, superior to the TRACHEA and inferior to the tongue and HYOID BONE.	Anterior Commissure, Laryngeal,Anterior Commissure, Larynx,Laryngeal Anterior Commissure,Laryngeal Posterior Commissure,Posterior Commissure, Laryngeal,Posterior Commissure, Larynx,Anterior Commissures, Laryngeal,Anterior Commissures, Larynx,Commissure, Laryngeal Anterior,Commissure, Laryngeal Posterior,Commissure, Larynx Anterior,Commissure, Larynx Posterior,Commissures, Laryngeal Anterior,Commissures, Laryngeal Posterior,Commissures, Larynx Anterior,Commissures, Larynx Posterior,Laryngeal Anterior Commissures,Laryngeal Posterior Commissures,Larynx Anterior Commissure,Larynx Anterior Commissures,Larynx Posterior Commissure,Larynx Posterior Commissures,Posterior Commissures, Laryngeal,Posterior Commissures, Larynx
D008297	Male		Males
D009297	Nasal Mucosa	The mucous lining of the NASAL CAVITY, including lining of the nostril (vestibule) and the OLFACTORY MUCOSA. Nasal mucosa consists of ciliated cells, GOBLET CELLS, brush cells, small granule cells, basal cells (STEM CELLS) and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.	Nasal Epithelium,Schneiderian Membrane,Epithelium, Nasal,Membrane, Schneiderian,Mucosa, Nasal
D010047	Ovalbumin	An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	Serpin B14
D010936	Plant Extracts	Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.	Herbal Medicines,Plant Extract,Extract, Plant,Extracts, Plant,Medicines, Herbal
D011720	Pyrazoles	Azoles of two nitrogens at the 1,2 positions, next to each other, in contrast with IMIDAZOLES in which they are at the 1,3 positions.