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Monovalent cation antiport reactions in isolated mitochondria. 1988

G P Brierley, and D W Jung
Department of Physiological Chemistry, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus 43210.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008928 Mitochondria Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed) Mitochondrial Contraction,Mitochondrion,Contraction, Mitochondrial,Contractions, Mitochondrial,Mitochondrial Contractions
D011188 Potassium An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
D002118 Calcium A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002352 Carrier Proteins Proteins that bind or transport specific substances in the blood, within the cell, or across cell membranes. Binding Proteins,Carrier Protein,Transport Protein,Transport Proteins,Binding Protein,Protein, Carrier,Proteins, Carrier
D002414 Cations, Monovalent Positively charged atoms, radicals or group of atoms with a valence of plus 1, which travel to the cathode or negative pole during electrolysis. Monovalent Cation,Cation, Monovalent,Monovalent Cations
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012964 Sodium A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23. Sodium Ion Level,Sodium-23,Ion Level, Sodium,Level, Sodium Ion,Sodium 23
D017923 Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers A family of plasma membrane exchange glycoprotein antiporters that transport sodium ions and protons across lipid bilayers. They have critical functions in intracellular pH regulation, cell volume regulation, and cellular response to many different hormones and mitogens. Na(+)-H(+)-Antiporter,Na(+)-H(+)-Exchanger,Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter,Na(+)-H(+)-Antiporters,Na(+)-H(+)-Exchangers,SLC9 Na(+)-H(+) Exchangers,SLC9 Protein Family,SLC9 Proteins,SLC9-NHE Protein Family,Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporters,Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger,Sodium-Proton Antiporter,Sodium-Proton Antiporters,Solute Carrier 9 Protein Family,Solute Carrier 9 Proteins,Antiporter, Sodium-Hydrogen,Antiporter, Sodium-Proton,Antiporters, Sodium-Hydrogen,Antiporters, Sodium-Proton,Exchanger, Sodium-Hydrogen,Exchangers, Sodium-Hydrogen,Protein Family, SLC9,Protein Family, SLC9-NHE,SLC9 NHE Protein Family,Sodium Hydrogen Antiporter,Sodium Hydrogen Antiporters,Sodium Hydrogen Exchanger,Sodium Hydrogen Exchangers,Sodium Proton Antiporter,Sodium Proton Antiporters
D019831 Sodium-Calcium Exchanger An electrogenic ion exchange protein that maintains a steady level of calcium by removing an amount of calcium equal to that which enters the cells. It is widely distributed in most excitable membranes, including the brain and heart. Ca(2+)-Na(+) Exchanger,Calcium-Sodium Carrier,Calcium-Sodium Exchanger,Na(+)-Ca(2+) Exchanger,Sodium-Calcium Carrier,Ca(2+)-Na(+) Antiporter,Calcium-Sodium Antiporter,Na(+)-Ca(2+) Antiporter,Sodium-Calcium Antiporter,Antiporter, Calcium-Sodium,Antiporter, Sodium-Calcium,Calcium Sodium Antiporter,Calcium Sodium Carrier,Calcium Sodium Exchanger,Carrier, Calcium-Sodium,Carrier, Sodium-Calcium,Exchanger, Calcium-Sodium,Exchanger, Sodium-Calcium,Sodium Calcium Antiporter,Sodium Calcium Carrier,Sodium Calcium Exchanger
D027961 Potassium-Hydrogen Antiporters Membrane proteins that allow the exchange of hydrogen ions for potassium ions across the cellular membrane. The action of these antiporters influences intracellular pH and potassium ion homeostasis. K(+)-H(+)-Exchanger,Potassium-Hydrogen Antiporter,Potassium-Hydrogen Exchanger,Antiporter, Potassium-Hydrogen,Antiporters, Potassium-Hydrogen,Potassium Hydrogen Antiporter,Potassium Hydrogen Antiporters,Potassium Hydrogen Exchanger

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