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We studied 20 patients on long-term hemodialysis. Concentrations of neopterin and creatinine were quantified in serum and in exchange buffers before, during and after treatment sessions. Neopterin is a low molecular weight product released by human macrophages upon stimulation with interferon gamma. It permits the quantification of the level of cellular immune activation in vivo. Neopterin and neopterin/creatinine ratios were found to be significantly increased in all patients. When comparing 15 patients treated with acetate exchange fluid buffers versus 5 patients treated with hydrogencarbonate, neopterin levels did not differ. Statistical computations revealed that the length of time on dialysis contributed to the increase of neopterin concentrations. Higher grade of cellular immune activation was preferentially detectable in those patients who had been on dialysis for more than 1 year. The demonstrated state of enhanced immune activation in dialysis patients might also help to explain accelerated development of AIDS in dialysis patients when infected with HIV.
D Fuchs, and
A Hausen, and
G Reibnegger, and
E R Werner, and
P von Dittrich, and
H Wachter
April 2010,
Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis,
D Fuchs, and
A Hausen, and
G Reibnegger, and
E R Werner, and
P von Dittrich, and
H Wachter
July 1981,
The New England journal of medicine,
D Fuchs, and
A Hausen, and
G Reibnegger, and
E R Werner, and
P von Dittrich, and
H Wachter
February 1978,
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D Fuchs, and
A Hausen, and
G Reibnegger, and
E R Werner, and
P von Dittrich, and
H Wachter
June 1972,
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D Fuchs, and
A Hausen, and
G Reibnegger, and
E R Werner, and
P von Dittrich, and
H Wachter
January 1985,
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D Fuchs, and
A Hausen, and
G Reibnegger, and
E R Werner, and
P von Dittrich, and
H Wachter
January 2001,
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D Fuchs, and
A Hausen, and
G Reibnegger, and
E R Werner, and
P von Dittrich, and
H Wachter
December 1972,
Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine,
D Fuchs, and
A Hausen, and
G Reibnegger, and
E R Werner, and
P von Dittrich, and
H Wachter
January 1987,
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D Fuchs, and
A Hausen, and
G Reibnegger, and
E R Werner, and
P von Dittrich, and
H Wachter
March 1966,
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D Fuchs, and
A Hausen, and
G Reibnegger, and
E R Werner, and
P von Dittrich, and
H Wachter
October 1973,
Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine,
