Listening to music during shock wave lithotripsy decreases anxiety, pain, and dissatisfaction : A randomized controlled study. 2017

Ozgur Cakmak, and Sertac Cimen, and Huseyin Tarhan, and Rahmi Gokhan Ekin, and Ilker Akarken, and Volkan Ulker, and Orcun Celik, and Cem Yucel, and Erdem Kisa, and Batuhan Ergani, and Taha Cetin, and Zafer Kozacioglu
Urology Department, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. drozgurcakmak577@yahoo.com.

BACKGROUND We analyzed the effects of music on pain, anxiety, and overall satisfaction in patients undergoing a shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) procedure. METHODS A total of 200 patients scheduled to undergo SWL were included in this study. Group 1 consisted of 95 patients who listened to music during the SWL session while group 2 included 105 patients who did not listen music during the procedure. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to assess state and trait anxiety (STAI-S/T). A visual analog scale (VAS) was used at the end of the session in order to assess pain, willingness to repeat the procedure, and overall patient satisfaction. Hemodynamic parameters including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) were recorded before and after the session. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of stone characteristics, SWL parameters, pre-SWL STAI-T/S scores, and pre-SWL hemodynamic parameters. Post-SWL STAI-S scores were found to be lower in patients who listened to music (p = 0.006). At the end of the SWL, VAS scores of pain, satisfaction, and willingness to repeat procedure were significantly different in favor of the music group (p = 0.007, p = 0.001, p = 0.015, respectively). SBP, DBP, and HR were significantly higher in patients who did not listen to music (p = 0.002, p = 0.024, p = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Music can be an ideal adjunctive treatment modality for patients undergoing SWL treatment. It has the potential to enhance patient compliance and treatment satisfaction by reducing the procedure-related anxiety and pain perception.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007669 Kidney Calculi Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE. Kidney Stones,Renal Calculi,Nephrolith,Renal Calculus,Calculi, Kidney,Calculi, Renal,Calculus, Kidney,Calculus, Renal,Kidney Calculus,Kidney Stone,Stone, Kidney,Stones, Kidney
D008096 Lithotripsy The destruction of a calculus of the kidney, ureter, bladder, or gallbladder by physical forces, including crushing with a lithotriptor through a catheter. Focused percutaneous ultrasound and focused hydraulic shock waves may be used without surgery. Lithotripsy does not include the dissolving of stones by acids or litholysis. Lithotripsy by laser is LITHOTRIPSY, LASER. ESWL (Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy),Electrohydraulic Shockwave Lithotripsy,Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy,Litholapaxy,Noninvasive Litholapaxy,Percutaneous Ultrasonic Lithotripsy,Ultrasonic Lithotripsy,ESWLs (Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy),Electrohydraulic Shockwave Lithotripsies,Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsies,Litholapaxies,Litholapaxies, Noninvasive,Litholapaxy, Noninvasive,Lithotripsies,Lithotripsies, Electrohydraulic Shockwave,Lithotripsies, Extracorporeal Shockwave,Lithotripsies, Percutaneous Ultrasonic,Lithotripsies, Ultrasonic,Lithotripsy, Electrohydraulic Shockwave,Lithotripsy, Extracorporeal Shockwave,Lithotripsy, Percutaneous Ultrasonic,Lithotripsy, Ultrasonic,Noninvasive Litholapaxies,Percutaneous Ultrasonic Lithotripsies,Shockwave Lithotripsies, Electrohydraulic,Shockwave Lithotripsies, Extracorporeal,Shockwave Lithotripsy, Electrohydraulic,Shockwave Lithotripsy, Extracorporeal,Ultrasonic Lithotripsies,Ultrasonic Lithotripsies, Percutaneous,Ultrasonic Lithotripsy, Percutaneous
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009147 Music Therapy The use of music as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of neurological, mental, or behavioral disorders. Therapy, Music
D010147 Pain Measurement Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies. Analgesia Tests,Analogue Pain Scale,Formalin Test,McGill Pain Questionnaire,Nociception Tests,Pain Assessment,Pain Intensity,Pain Severity,Tourniquet Pain Test,Visual Analogue Pain Scale,Analog Pain Scale,Assessment, Pain,McGill Pain Scale,Visual Analog Pain Scale,Analgesia Test,Analog Pain Scales,Analogue Pain Scales,Formalin Tests,Intensity, Pain,Measurement, Pain,Nociception Test,Pain Assessments,Pain Intensities,Pain Measurements,Pain Questionnaire, McGill,Pain Scale, Analog,Pain Scale, Analogue,Pain Scale, McGill,Pain Severities,Pain Test, Tourniquet,Questionnaire, McGill Pain,Scale, Analog Pain,Scale, Analogue Pain,Scale, McGill Pain,Severity, Pain,Test, Analgesia,Test, Formalin,Test, Nociception,Test, Tourniquet Pain,Tests, Nociception,Tourniquet Pain Tests
D010349 Patient Compliance Voluntary cooperation of the patient in following a prescribed regimen. Client Adherence,Client Compliance,Non-Adherent Patient,Patient Adherence,Patient Cooperation,Patient Noncompliance,Patient Non-Adherence,Patient Non-Compliance,Patient Nonadherence,Therapeutic Compliance,Treatment Compliance,Adherence, Client,Adherence, Patient,Client Compliances,Compliance, Client,Compliance, Patient,Compliance, Therapeutic,Compliance, Treatment,Cooperation, Patient,Non Adherent Patient,Non-Adherence, Patient,Non-Adherent Patients,Non-Compliance, Patient,Nonadherence, Patient,Noncompliance, Patient,Patient Non Adherence,Patient Non Compliance,Patient, Non-Adherent,Therapeutic Compliances,Treatment Compliances
D011795 Surveys and Questionnaires Collections of data obtained from voluntary subjects. The information usually takes the form of answers to questions, or suggestions. Community Survey,Nonrespondent,Questionnaire,Questionnaires,Respondent,Survey,Survey Method,Survey Methods,Surveys,Baseline Survey,Community Surveys,Methodology, Survey,Nonrespondents,Questionnaire Design,Randomized Response Technique,Repeated Rounds of Survey,Respondents,Survey Methodology,Baseline Surveys,Design, Questionnaire,Designs, Questionnaire,Methods, Survey,Questionnaire Designs,Questionnaires and Surveys,Randomized Response Techniques,Response Technique, Randomized,Response Techniques, Randomized,Survey, Baseline,Survey, Community,Surveys, Baseline,Surveys, Community,Techniques, Randomized Response
D001794 Blood Pressure PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS. Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D005260 Female Females

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