Novel trigeminal slice preparation method for studying mechanisms of nociception transmission. 2017

Mikiko Hirahara, and Naoshi Fujiwara, and Kenji Seo
Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Niigata City 951-8514, Japan.

BACKGROUND The trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) plays a critical role in transmission and modulation of nociceptive afferent inputs, and exhibits a similar layer construction to the spinal dorsal horn. However, afferent inputs enter the brainstem and project to a separately located nucleus. It has previously been difficult to record responses of the Vc to afferent fiber activation in a brainstem slice preparation. The aim of the present study was to establish a novel brainstem slice preparation method to study trigeminal nociceptive transmission mechanisms. METHODS Thirty adult 6-7-week-old C57/BL6J male mice were included in the study. Obliquely sliced brainstem sections at a thickness of 600μm, which included the Vc and the root entry zone to the brainstem, were prepared. The Vc response to electrical stimulation of afferent fibers was observed as a change in intracellular calcium concentration by fluorescence intensity response. RESULTS Electrical stimulation of afferent inputs to the trigeminal nerve increased fluorescent intensity in the Vc, which was completely diminished by tetrodotoxin and significantly suppressed by the AMPA/kainate antagonist CNQX (paired t-test, P<0.001), although the non-competitive NMDA antagonist (+)-MK801 maleate resulted in no changes. These results suggested a glutamate receptor-mediated response. This brainstem slice preparation will be useful for investigating nociceptive transmission mechanisms of the trigeminal nerve.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008810 Mice, Inbred C57BL One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases. Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D009435 Synaptic Transmission The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a NEUROTRANSMITTER that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors, activating them. The activated receptors modulate specific ion channels and/or second-messenger systems in the postsynaptic cell. In electrical synaptic transmission, electrical signals are communicated as an ionic current flow across ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES. Neural Transmission,Neurotransmission,Transmission, Neural,Transmission, Synaptic
D009619 Nociceptors Peripheral AFFERENT NEURONS which are sensitive to injuries or pain, usually caused by extreme thermal exposures, mechanical forces, or other noxious stimuli. Their cell bodies reside in the DORSAL ROOT GANGLIA. Their peripheral terminals (NERVE ENDINGS) innervate target tissues and transduce noxious stimuli via axons to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Pain Receptors,Receptors, Pain,Nociceptive Neurons,Neuron, Nociceptive,Neurons, Nociceptive,Nociceptive Neuron,Nociceptor,Pain Receptor
D002118 Calcium A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D004558 Electric Stimulation Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses. Stimulation, Electric,Electrical Stimulation,Electric Stimulations,Electrical Stimulations,Stimulation, Electrical,Stimulations, Electric,Stimulations, Electrical
D006575 Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring A class of heterocyclic compounds that include a three-ring fused structure. Both aromatic or non-aromatic ring structures are included in this category. Fused Heterocyclic Compounds, Three-Ring,Heterocyclic Cpds, 3 Ring,Three Ring Heterocyclic Compounds,3-Ring Heterocyclic Compounds,Fused Heterocyclic Compounds, Three Ring,Heterocyclic Compounds, 3 Ring
D000344 Afferent Pathways Nerve structures through which impulses are conducted from a peripheral part toward a nerve center. Afferent Pathway,Pathway, Afferent,Pathways, Afferent
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013779 Tetrodotoxin An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction. Fugu Toxin,Tarichatoxin,Tetradotoxin,Toxin, Fugu

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