Two Cases of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Suggestive of Complicating Multifocal Micronodular Pneumocyte Hyperplasia: A Case Report. 2017

Chinatsu Nishida, and Kazuhiro Yatera, and Takashi Kido, and Shingo Noguchi, and Kentaro Akata, and Minako Hanaka, and Kei Yamasaki, and Teppei Hoshino, and Masayuki Shimono, and Hiroshi Ishimoto, and Noriho Sakamoto, and Hiroshi Mukae
Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health.

Multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia (MMPH) is pathologically characterized by multifocal nodular hyperplasia of type Ⅱ pneumocyte-like cells. MMPH is usually complicated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). MMPH patients tend to be asymptomatic or only slightly symptomatic. MMPH tends to progress slowly and needs no treatment. We herein describe two cases of MMPH with its characteristic radiological features and clinical manifestations of TSC. Case 1: a 20-year-old female with definitive TSC in infancy. Chest CT at the age of 18 revealed multiple nodular opacities and ground-glass attenuations in a scattered and random distribution in the bilateral lungs. Case 2: a 44-year-old female with probable TSC at 36 years of age. Chest CT at the age of 43 showed random areas of small ground-glass attenuations, predominantly in the upper lung fields. Case 1 and Case 2 have had no respiratory symptoms or radiographic changes in the recent two years and four years, respectively. Although pathological examinations of the lung were not performed because consent for surgical lung biospies was unobtainable, we considered that these pulmonary manifestations were most likely MMPH with TSC because of these characteristic radiographical findings of multiple nodular opacities and ground-glass attenuations of 10 mm or less in size and their scattered distribution, and because there have been no abnormal laboratory data or changes in their chest radiological findings for years. Neither patient is under treatment for pulmonary lesions. Although MMPH is a rare disease, multiple nodules and ground-glass attenuations on lung imaging findings should be considered as pulmonary manifestations in patients with TSC.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006965 Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells. Hyperplasias
D008168 Lung Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood. Lungs
D008279 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques. Chemical Shift Imaging,MR Tomography,MRI Scans,MRI, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Image,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional,Magnetization Transfer Contrast Imaging,NMR Imaging,NMR Tomography,Tomography, NMR,Tomography, Proton Spin,fMRI,Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Imaging, Chemical Shift,Proton Spin Tomography,Spin Echo Imaging,Steady-State Free Precession MRI,Tomography, MR,Zeugmatography,Chemical Shift Imagings,Echo Imaging, Spin,Echo Imagings, Spin,Functional MRI,Functional MRIs,Image, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, NMR,Imaging, Spin Echo,Imagings, Chemical Shift,Imagings, Spin Echo,MRI Scan,MRIs, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Images,Resonance Image, Magnetic,Scan, MRI,Scans, MRI,Shift Imaging, Chemical,Shift Imagings, Chemical,Spin Echo Imagings,Steady State Free Precession MRI
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D014057 Tomography, X-Ray Computed Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image. CAT Scan, X-Ray,CT Scan, X-Ray,Cine-CT,Computerized Tomography, X-Ray,Electron Beam Computed Tomography,Tomodensitometry,Tomography, Transmission Computed,X-Ray Tomography, Computed,CAT Scan, X Ray,CT X Ray,Computed Tomography, X-Ray,Computed X Ray Tomography,Computerized Tomography, X Ray,Electron Beam Tomography,Tomography, X Ray Computed,Tomography, X-Ray Computer Assisted,Tomography, X-Ray Computerized,Tomography, X-Ray Computerized Axial,Tomography, Xray Computed,X Ray Computerized Tomography,X Ray Tomography, Computed,X-Ray Computer Assisted Tomography,X-Ray Computerized Axial Tomography,Beam Tomography, Electron,CAT Scans, X-Ray,CT Scan, X Ray,CT Scans, X-Ray,CT X Rays,Cine CT,Computed Tomography, Transmission,Computed Tomography, X Ray,Computed Tomography, Xray,Computed X-Ray Tomography,Scan, X-Ray CAT,Scan, X-Ray CT,Scans, X-Ray CAT,Scans, X-Ray CT,Tomographies, Computed X-Ray,Tomography, Computed X-Ray,Tomography, Electron Beam,Tomography, X Ray Computer Assisted,Tomography, X Ray Computerized,Tomography, X Ray Computerized Axial,Transmission Computed Tomography,X Ray Computer Assisted Tomography,X Ray Computerized Axial Tomography,X Ray, CT,X Rays, CT,X-Ray CAT Scan,X-Ray CAT Scans,X-Ray CT Scan,X-Ray CT Scans,X-Ray Computed Tomography,X-Ray Computerized Tomography,Xray Computed Tomography
D014402 Tuberous Sclerosis Autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome classically characterized by MENTAL RETARDATION; EPILEPSY; and skin lesions (e.g., adenoma sebaceum and hypomelanotic macules). There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in the neurologic manifestations. It is also associated with cortical tuber and HAMARTOMAS formation throughout the body, especially the heart, kidneys, and eyes. Mutations in two loci TSC1 and TSC2 that encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively, are associated with the disease. Bourneville Disease,Epiloia,Phakomatosis, Bourneville,Adenoma Sebaceum,Bourneville Phakomatosis,Bourneville Syndrome,Bourneville's Disease,Bourneville's Syndrome,Bourneville-Pringle Disease,Bourneville-Pringle's Disease,Cerebral Sclerosis,Phacomatosis, Bourneville,Sclerosis Tuberosa,Tuberose Sclerosis,Tuberous Sclerosis Complex,Bourneville Phacomatosis,Bourneville Pringle Disease,Bourneville Pringle's Disease,Bourneville-Pringles Disease,Cerebral Scleroses,Disease, Bourneville-Pringle,Disease, Bourneville-Pringle's,Sclerosis, Cerebral,Sclerosis, Tuberose,Sclerosis, Tuberous,Syndrome, Bourneville,Syndrome, Bourneville's
D055815 Young Adult A person between 19 and 24 years of age. Adult, Young,Adults, Young,Young Adults
D056809 Alveolar Epithelial Cells Epithelial cells that line the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Pneumocytes,Alveolar Cells,Pneumocyte,Type 1 Pneumocytes,Type 2 Pneumocytes,Type-I Pneumocytes,Type-II Pneumocytes,Alveolar Cell,Alveolar Epithelial Cell,Cell, Alveolar,Cell, Alveolar Epithelial,Cells, Alveolar,Cells, Alveolar Epithelial,Epithelial Cell, Alveolar,Epithelial Cells, Alveolar,Pneumocyte, Type 1,Pneumocyte, Type 2,Pneumocyte, Type-I,Pneumocyte, Type-II,Pneumocytes, Type 1,Pneumocytes, Type 2,Pneumocytes, Type-I,Pneumocytes, Type-II,Type 1 Pneumocyte,Type 2 Pneumocyte,Type I Pneumocytes,Type II Pneumocytes,Type-I Pneumocyte,Type-II Pneumocyte

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