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The Bacteroides fragilis pathogenicity island links virulence and strain competition. 2017

Benjamin W Casterline, and Aaron L Hecht, and Vivian M Choi, and Juliane Bubeck Wardenburg
a Department of Microbiology , University of Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA.

The mature microbiome is a stable ecosystem that resists perturbation despite constant host exposure to exogenous microbes. However, the microbial mechanisms determining microbiome development and composition are poorly understood. We recently demonstrated that a non-toxigenic B. fragilis (NTBF) strain restricts enteric colonization by an enterotoxigenic (ETBF) strain dependent on a type VI secretion system (T6SS). We show here that a second enterotoxigenic strain is competent to colonize, dependent on the Bacteroides fragilis pathogenicity island (BFPAI). Additional data showing complex environmental regulation of the Bacteroides fragilis toxin (BFT) suggest that virulence factors may be adapted to modify the colonic niche to provide a strain-specific colonization advantage. We conclude that more complex models of host-microbe-microbiome interactions are needed to investigate this hypothesis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008810 Mice, Inbred C57BL One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases. Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001426 Bacterial Proteins Proteins found in any species of bacterium. Bacterial Gene Products,Bacterial Gene Proteins,Gene Products, Bacterial,Bacterial Gene Product,Bacterial Gene Protein,Bacterial Protein,Gene Product, Bacterial,Gene Protein, Bacterial,Gene Proteins, Bacterial,Protein, Bacterial,Proteins, Bacterial
D001441 Bacteroides fragilis Gram-negative bacteria occurring in the lower intestinal tracts of man and other animals. It is the most common species of anaerobic bacteria isolated from human soft tissue infections.
D001442 Bacteroides Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus BACTEROIDES. Infections, Bacteroides,Bacteroides Infection,Infection, Bacteroides
D014774 Virulence The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS. Pathogenicity
D044404 Genomic Islands Distinct units in some bacterial, bacteriophage or plasmid GENOMES that are types of MOBILE GENETIC ELEMENTS. Encoded in them are a variety of fitness conferring genes, such as VIRULENCE FACTORS (in "pathogenicity islands or islets"), ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE genes, or genes required for SYMBIOSIS (in "symbiosis islands or islets"). They range in size from 10 - 500 kilobases, and their GC CONTENT and CODON usage differ from the rest of the genome. They typically contain an INTEGRASE gene, although in some cases this gene has been deleted resulting in "anchored genomic islands". Pathogenicity Islands,Anchored Genomic Islands,Genomic Islets,Pathogenicity Islets,Symbiosis Islands,Symbiosis Islets,Anchored Genomic Island,Genomic Island,Genomic Island, Anchored,Genomic Islands, Anchored,Genomic Islet,Island, Anchored Genomic,Island, Genomic,Island, Pathogenicity,Island, Symbiosis,Islands, Anchored Genomic,Islands, Genomic,Islands, Pathogenicity,Islands, Symbiosis,Islet, Genomic,Islet, Pathogenicity,Islet, Symbiosis,Islets, Genomic,Islets, Pathogenicity,Islets, Symbiosis,Pathogenicity Island,Pathogenicity Islet,Symbiosis Island,Symbiosis Islet
D051379 Mice The common name for the genus Mus. Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus
D056265 Microbial Interactions The inter- and intra-relationships between various microorganisms. This can include both positive (like SYMBIOSIS) and negative (like ANTIBIOSIS) interactions. Examples include virus - bacteria and bacteria - bacteria. Competitive Behavior, Microbial,Cooperative Behavior, Microbial,Behavior, Microbial Competitive,Behavior, Microbial Cooperative,Behaviors, Microbial Competitive,Behaviors, Microbial Cooperative,Competitive Behaviors, Microbial,Cooperative Behaviors, Microbial,Interaction, Microbial,Interactions, Microbial,Microbial Competitive Behavior,Microbial Competitive Behaviors,Microbial Cooperative Behavior,Microbial Cooperative Behaviors,Microbial Interaction

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