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A serological survey of 250 outpatients in rural Zaire showed that the prevalence of antibody against HTLV-I, HTLV-II, and HTLV-III, as detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, correlated strongly with level of antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum. The age curve for the prevalence of antibody against these retroviruses and high titres of antibodies against P falciparum were similar. Tests with control sera obtained from HTLV-III seropositive homosexual men and American subjects repeatedly infected with malaria who had high antibody titres against P falciparum indicated that there was no cross-reactivity between P falciparum and these retroviruses. Immune-complex levels, but not IgG, IgM, or IgE levels, also correlated strongly with seropositivity in the ELISA HTLV-I and HTLV-III assay, although immune-complex-positive control samples were negative. Possible explanations include coincidental distribution paralleling malaria; similar mode of transmission; virus activation and/or enhanced antibody production due to the effect of malaria on the immune system; and false-positive reactivity in the ELISA assay due to cross-reactive antibodies or other unknown factors.
R J Biggar, and
P L Gigase, and
M Melbye, and
L Kestens, and
P S Sarin, and
A J Bodner, and
P Demedts, and
W J Stevens, and
L Paluku, and
C Delacollette
January 1986,
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R J Biggar, and
P L Gigase, and
M Melbye, and
L Kestens, and
P S Sarin, and
A J Bodner, and
P Demedts, and
W J Stevens, and
L Paluku, and
C Delacollette
December 1989,
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R J Biggar, and
P L Gigase, and
M Melbye, and
L Kestens, and
P S Sarin, and
A J Bodner, and
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W J Stevens, and
L Paluku, and
C Delacollette
January 1996,
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L Paluku, and
C Delacollette
February 1995,
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R J Biggar, and
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M Melbye, and
L Kestens, and
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A J Bodner, and
P Demedts, and
W J Stevens, and
L Paluku, and
C Delacollette
September 1986,
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C Delacollette
January 1992,
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C Delacollette
January 1998,
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March 1991,
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October 1985,
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C Delacollette
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