Biomaterial Database

Peripheral antihistamine and central sedative effects of three H1-receptor antagonists. 1985

S Levander, and O Hägermark, and M Ståhle

The effects of single oral doses of three antihistamine compounds on histamine-induced itch and flare reactions were studied in 24 healthy volunteers by a double-blind balanced design. Central sedative effects were concurrently analyzed using a set of computerized neuropsychological tests and analogue ratings. Hydroxyzine 20 mg had a more pronounced inhibitory effect on the cutaneous response than 3 mg clemastine or 3 mg azatadine. Clemastine tended to cause more sedation than the other two drugs. A compound score, reflecting the balance between peripheral and CNS effects, showed hydroxyzine to have relatively more peripheral antihistamine effect and less sedative effect than the other two drugs. The independence of peripheral and CNS antihistamine effects was also suggested by correlation analysis. Subjects displayed individual sensitivity to the peripheral antihistamine effect of the three drugs; a marked antihistamine effect of one drug predicted a marked effect of the other two drugs. This was not the case for CNS sedation. The independence of peripheral and CNS effects should encourage development of new and more specific antihistamine compounds.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009483	Neuropsychological Tests	Tests designed to assess neurological function associated with certain behaviors. They are used in diagnosing brain dysfunction or damage and central nervous system disorders or injury.	Aphasia Tests,Cognitive Test,Cognitive Testing,Cognitive Tests,Memory for Designs Test,Neuropsychological Testing,AX-CPT,Behavioral Assessment of Dysexecutive Syndrome,CANTAB,Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery,Clock Test,Cognitive Function Scanner,Continuous Performance Task,Controlled Oral Word Association Test,Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System,Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment,Hooper Visual Organization Test,NEPSY,Neuropsychologic Tests,Neuropsychological Test,Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test,Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status,Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure,Symbol Digit Modalities Test,Test of Everyday Attention,Test, Neuropsychological,Tests, Neuropsychological,Tower of London Test,Neuropsychologic Test,Test, Cognitive,Testing, Cognitive,Testing, Neuropsychological,Tests, Cognitive
D010525	Peripheral Nerves	The nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the autonomic, cranial, and spinal nerves. Peripheral nerves contain non-neuronal cells and connective tissue as well as axons. The connective tissue layers include, from the outside to the inside, the epineurium, the perineurium, and the endoneurium.	Endoneurium,Epineurium,Perineurium,Endoneuriums,Epineuriums,Nerve, Peripheral,Nerves, Peripheral,Perineuriums,Peripheral Nerve
D011759	Pyrrolidines	Compounds also known as tetrahydropyridines with general molecular formula (CH2)4NH.	Tetrahydropyridine,Tetrahydropyridines
D002490	Central Nervous System	The main information-processing organs of the nervous system, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges.	Cerebrospinal Axis,Axi, Cerebrospinal,Axis, Cerebrospinal,Central Nervous Systems,Cerebrospinal Axi,Nervous System, Central,Nervous Systems, Central,Systems, Central Nervous
D002974	Clemastine	A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.	Meclastine,Mecloprodin,2-(2-(1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-phenylethoxy)ethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidine,Clemastine Fumarate,HS-592,Tavegyl,Tavist,HS 592,HS592
D002986	Clinical Trials as Topic	Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.	Clinical Trial as Topic
D003533	Cyproheptadine	A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.	Antergan,Dihexazin,Periactin,Peritol,Viternum
D004311	Double-Blind Method	A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.	Double-Masked Study,Double-Blind Study,Double-Masked Method,Double Blind Method,Double Blind Study,Double Masked Method,Double Masked Study,Double-Blind Methods,Double-Blind Studies,Double-Masked Methods,Double-Masked Studies,Method, Double-Blind,Method, Double-Masked,Methods, Double-Blind,Methods, Double-Masked,Studies, Double-Blind,Studies, Double-Masked,Study, Double-Blind,Study, Double-Masked