Biocompatibility of restorative resins, i.e., Isopast, Clearfil bond system F, Compodent II and Adaptic, was investigated by using cell nuclei counting and agar diffusion method of L cells. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Isopast showed moderate cytotoxicity immediately after mixing, followed by marked decrease of cytotoxicity during setting process. Cytotoxicity as a whole was the least as compared to the other tested. 2) Clearfil restorative resin showed severe cytotoxicity immediately after mixing. Decrease of cytotoxicity similar to Compodent II was found. However, it was found that set material had mild cytotoxicity even after three exchanges of the extract. 3) Bonding agent and catalyst of Clearfil bond system F showed severe cytotoxicity. 4) Change of cytotoxicity of Compodent II and Adaptic was reconfirmed.