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Breast milk or formula milk and serum samples from 34 breast-fed babies, 15 formula-fed babies, and their mothers were examined at 3 and 21 days of neonatal age. Infant faecal samples were obtained on day 21 only. At both ages serum total bilirubin concentrations were significantly higher in breast-fed than in formula-fed infants. Beta-glucuronidase activity in formula milk was negligible while that in human milk was considerable. Day 21 faecal beta-glucuronidase was higher in the breast-fed babies. In the breast-fed babies, serum bilirubin levels were related to concentrations of beta-glucuronidase in breast milk on both days 3 and 21 and to levels of faecal beta-glucuronidase on day 21. In 4 additional babies whose feeds were temporarily changed from breast milk to formula milk because of hyperbilirubinaemia there was a striking decrease in faecal beta-glucuronidase activity coincident with a fall in serum bilirubin. Breast milk beta-glucuronidase seems to be an important factor in the neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia of breast-fed babies.
G R Gourley, and
R A Arend
January 1992,
The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association,
G R Gourley, and
R A Arend
January 1999,
Biology of the neonate,
G R Gourley, and
R A Arend
June 1992,
Archives of disease in childhood,
G R Gourley, and
R A Arend
January 1992,
Archives of disease in childhood,
G R Gourley, and
R A Arend
October 2011,
Carbohydrate research,
G R Gourley, and
R A Arend
May 1994,
Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992),
G R Gourley, and
R A Arend
June 1983,
Annals of allergy,
G R Gourley, and
R A Arend
January 1997,
Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992),
G R Gourley, and
R A Arend
September 2020,
Scientific reports,
G R Gourley, and
R A Arend
January 2002,
Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition,
