Biomaterial Database

Reflex gastric relaxation in response to distention of the duodenum. 1987

F De Ponti, and F Azpiroz, and J R Malagelada

Using a newly developed gastric barostat, we studied the effect of duodenal distention on gastric tone in a chronic canine model. In the conscious, fasted dogs, duodenal distention for 15 s consistently induced a marked gastric relaxation (delta intragastric volume = 226 +/- 23 ml). This response could be induced repeatedly without evidence of fatigue. Neither bethanechol nor combined phentolamine and propranolol infused intravenously had any significant effect on gastric relaxation in response to duodenal distention. To investigate the pathway of this duodenogastric mechanism, in four dogs we isolated the vagal nerves at the supradiaphragmatic level within an implanted cooling jacket. During intravenous infusion of bethanechol (used as a cholinergic background to maintain base-line gastric tone), supradiaphragmatic vagal blockade by cooling abolished the gastric relaxatory response to duodenal distention (delta intragastric volume = 11 +/- 5 ml during vagal blockade vs. 194 +/- 36 after vagal rewarming; P less than 0.05). This effect of acute and reversible vagal blockade by cooling was also mimicked by bilateral surgical vagotomy. We conclude that a nonadrenergic, noncholinergic mechanism participates in gastric relaxation induced by duodenal distention. This mechanism is mediated by the vagus nerve.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009119	Muscle Contraction	A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D009126	Muscle Relaxation	That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position.	Muscle Relaxations,Relaxation, Muscle,Relaxations, Muscle
D009129	Muscle Tonus	The state of activity or tension of a muscle beyond that related to its physical properties, that is, its active resistance to stretch. In skeletal muscle, tonus is dependent upon efferent innervation. (Stedman, 25th ed)	Muscle Tension,Muscle Tightness,Muscular Tension,Tension, Muscle,Tension, Muscular,Tightness, Muscle,Tonus, Muscle
D009407	Nerve Block	Interruption of NEURAL CONDUCTION in peripheral nerves or nerve trunks by the injection of a local anesthetic agent (e.g., LIDOCAINE; PHENOL; BOTULINUM TOXINS) to manage or treat pain.	Chemical Neurolysis,Chemodenervation,Nerve Blockade,Block, Nerve,Blockade, Nerve,Blockades, Nerve,Blocks, Nerve,Chemical Neurolyses,Chemodenervations,Nerve Blockades,Nerve Blocks,Neurolyses, Chemical,Neurolysis, Chemical
D009435	Synaptic Transmission	The communication from a NEURON to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a SYNAPSE. In chemical synaptic transmission, the presynaptic neuron releases a NEUROTRANSMITTER that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to specific synaptic receptors, activating them. The activated receptors modulate specific ion channels and/or second-messenger systems in the postsynaptic cell. In electrical synaptic transmission, electrical signals are communicated as an ionic current flow across ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES.	Neural Transmission,Neurotransmission,Transmission, Neural,Transmission, Synaptic
D010812	Physical Stimulation	Act of eliciting a response from a person or organism through physical contact.	Stimulation, Physical,Physical Stimulations,Stimulations, Physical
D012018	Reflex	An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.
D001831	Body Temperature	The measure of the level of heat of a human or animal.	Organ Temperature,Body Temperatures,Organ Temperatures,Temperature, Body,Temperature, Organ,Temperatures, Body,Temperatures, Organ
D004285	Dogs	The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)	Canis familiaris,Dog
D004386	Duodenum	The shortest and widest portion of the SMALL INTESTINE adjacent to the PYLORUS of the STOMACH. It is named for having the length equal to about the width of 12 fingers.	Duodenums