Protein kinase C enhances plasma membrane expression of cardiac L-type calcium channel, CaV1.2. 2017

Tal Keren Raifman, and Prabodh Kumar, and Hannelore Haase, and Enno Klussmann, and Nathan Dascal, and Sharon Weiss
a Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.

L-type-voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (L-VDCCs; CaV1.2, α1C), crucial in cardiovascular physiology and pathology, are modulated via activation of G-protein-coupled receptors and subsequently protein kinase C (PKC). Despite extensive study, key aspects of the mechanisms leading to PKC-induced Ca2+ current increase are unresolved. A notable residue, Ser1928, located in the distal C-terminus (dCT) of α1C was shown to be phosphorylated by PKC. CaV1.2 undergoes posttranslational modifications yielding full-length and proteolytically cleaved CT-truncated forms. We have previously shown that, in Xenopus oocytes, activation of PKC enhances α1C macroscopic currents. This increase depended on the isoform of α1C expressed. Only isoforms containing the cardiac, long N-terminus (L-NT), were upregulated by PKC. Ser1928 was also crucial for the full effect of PKC. Here we report that, in Xenopus oocytes, following PKC activation the amount of α1C protein expressed in the plasma membrane (PM) increases within minutes. The increase in PM content is greater with full-length α1C than in dCT-truncated α1C, and requires Ser1928. The same was observed in HL-1 cells, a mouse atrium cell line natively expressing cardiac α1C, which undergoes the proteolytic cleavage of the dCT, thus providing a native setting for exploring the effects of PKC in cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, activation of PKC preferentially increased the PM levels of full-length, L-NT α1C. Our findings suggest that part of PKC regulation of CaV1.2 in the heart involves changes in channel's cellular fate. The mechanism of this PKC regulation appears to involve the C-terminus of α1C, possibly corroborating the previously proposed role of NT-CT interactions within α1C.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011493 Protein Kinase C An serine-threonine protein kinase that requires the presence of physiological concentrations of CALCIUM and membrane PHOSPHOLIPIDS. The additional presence of DIACYLGLYCEROLS markedly increases its sensitivity to both calcium and phospholipids. The sensitivity of the enzyme can also be increased by PHORBOL ESTERS and it is believed that protein kinase C is the receptor protein of tumor-promoting phorbol esters. Calcium Phospholipid-Dependent Protein Kinase,Calcium-Activated Phospholipid-Dependent Kinase,PKC Serine-Threonine Kinase,Phospholipid-Sensitive Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase,Protein Kinase M,Calcium Activated Phospholipid Dependent Kinase,Calcium Phospholipid Dependent Protein Kinase,PKC Serine Threonine Kinase,Phospholipid Sensitive Calcium Dependent Protein Kinase,Phospholipid-Dependent Kinase, Calcium-Activated,Serine-Threonine Kinase, PKC
D002462 Cell Membrane The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Plasma Membrane,Cytoplasmic Membrane,Cell Membranes,Cytoplasmic Membranes,Membrane, Cell,Membrane, Cytoplasmic,Membrane, Plasma,Membranes, Cell,Membranes, Cytoplasmic,Membranes, Plasma,Plasma Membranes
D002478 Cells, Cultured Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others. Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014982 Xenopus laevis The commonest and widest ranging species of the clawed "frog" (Xenopus) in Africa. This species is used extensively in research. There is now a significant population in California derived from escaped laboratory animals. Platanna,X. laevis,Platannas,X. laevi
D051379 Mice The common name for the genus Mus. Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus
D020746 Calcium Channels, L-Type Long-lasting voltage-gated CALCIUM CHANNELS found in both excitable and non-excitable tissue. They are responsible for normal myocardial and vascular smooth muscle contractility. Five subunits (alpha-1, alpha-2, beta, gamma, and delta) make up the L-type channel. The alpha-1 subunit is the binding site for calcium-based antagonists. Dihydropyridine-based calcium antagonists are used as markers for these binding sites. Dihydropyridine Receptors,L-Type Calcium Channels,L-Type VDCC alpha-1 Subunit,L-Type Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channel,Long-Lasting Calcium Channel,Long-Lasting Calcium Channels,Receptors, Dihydropyridine,Dihydropyridine Receptor,L-Type Calcium Channel,L-Type VDCC,L-Type VDCC alpha-2 Subunit,L-Type VDCC beta Subunit,L-Type VDCC delta Subunit,L-Type VDCC gamma Subunit,L-Type Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels,Calcium Channel, L-Type,Calcium Channel, Long-Lasting,Calcium Channels, L Type,Calcium Channels, Long-Lasting,Channel, Long-Lasting Calcium,L Type Calcium Channel,L Type Calcium Channels,L Type VDCC,L Type VDCC alpha 1 Subunit,L Type VDCC alpha 2 Subunit,L Type VDCC beta Subunit,L Type VDCC delta Subunit,L Type VDCC gamma Subunit,L Type Voltage Dependent Calcium Channel,L Type Voltage Dependent Calcium Channels,Long Lasting Calcium Channel,Long Lasting Calcium Channels,Receptor, Dihydropyridine,VDCC, L-Type

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