Biomaterial Database

Magnesium to counteract elastin degradation and vascular calcification in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 2017

Rob Janssen

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: rob.janssen@cwz.nl.

Accelerated elastin degradation is an important pathogenic mechanism in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) leading to irreversible lung function loss and cardiovascular comorbidities. The rate of elastin breakdown is a predictor of mortality in patients with COPD. Decelerating elastinolysis might be an attractive therapeutic target in this debilitating condition. Vascular calcification starts in the elastin network of the arterial wall and is enhanced in patients with COPD. Elastin calcification is accompanied by an upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase gene expression and consequently a shift in the elastase/anti-elastase balance towards degradation. Magnesium can be regarded as a natural calcium antagonist and has the proven ability to ameliorate vascular calcification. Furthermore, an animal study has suggested that magnesium deficiency promotes elastin degradation. I hypothesize that inhibiting elastin calcification by means of magnesium supplementation might counteract both vascular calcification and elastin degradation in COPD. This could potentially have a favorable impact on cardiovascular and respiratory related morbidity/mortality in patients with COPD.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008274	Magnesium	A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
D008275	Magnesium Deficiency	A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of magnesium in the diet, characterized by anorexia, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, and weakness. Symptoms are paresthesias, muscle cramps, irritability, decreased attention span, and mental confusion, possibly requiring months to appear. Deficiency of body magnesium can exist even when serum values are normal. In addition, magnesium deficiency may be organ-selective, since certain tissues become deficient before others. (Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1936)	Deficiency, Magnesium,Deficiencies, Magnesium,Magnesium Deficiencies
D008954	Models, Biological	Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.	Biological Model,Biological Models,Model, Biological,Models, Biologic,Biologic Model,Biologic Models,Model, Biologic
D004549	Elastin		alpha-Elastin,kappa-Elastin,alpha Elastin,kappa Elastin
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D051436	Renal Insufficiency, Chronic	Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002)	Kidney Insufficiency, Chronic,Chronic Kidney Diseases,Chronic Kidney Insufficiency,Chronic Renal Diseases,Chronic Renal Insufficiency,Chronic Kidney Disease,Chronic Kidney Insufficiencies,Chronic Renal Disease,Chronic Renal Insufficiencies,Disease, Chronic Kidney,Disease, Chronic Renal,Diseases, Chronic Kidney,Diseases, Chronic Renal,Kidney Disease, Chronic,Kidney Diseases, Chronic,Kidney Insufficiencies, Chronic,Renal Disease, Chronic,Renal Diseases, Chronic,Renal Insufficiencies, Chronic
D059748	Proteolysis	Cleavage of proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids either by PROTEASES or non-enzymatically (e.g., Hydrolysis). It does not include Protein Processing, Post-Translational.	Protein Degradation,Protein Digestion,Degradation, Protein,Degradations, Protein,Digestion, Protein,Digestions, Protein,Protein Degradations,Protein Digestions,Proteolyses
D061205	Vascular Calcification	Deposition of calcium into the blood vessel structures. Excessive calcification of the vessels is associated with ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES formation particularly after MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (see MONCKEBERG MEDIAL CALCIFIC SCLEROSIS) and chronic kidney diseases which in turn increase VASCULAR STIFFNESS.	Vascular Calcinosis,Calcification, Vascular,Calcinosis, Vascular,Vascular Calcifications,Vascular Calcinoses
D029424	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive	A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.	Airflow Obstruction, Chronic,COAD,COPD,Chronic Airflow Obstruction,Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease,Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease,Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases,Airflow Obstructions, Chronic,Chronic Airflow Obstructions