Biomaterial Database

Managing Adverse Reactions to Contrast Agents. 2017

Brian Boyd, and Carlos A Zamora, and Mauricio Castillo

Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 2107 Old Clinic Building, Campus Box 7510, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7510, USA. Electronic address: bboyd@unch.unc.edu.

Adverse reactions to iodinated and gadolinium-based contrast agents occur at an incidence of less than 1%. Although the exact pathophysiologic mechanisms are not completely understood, the treatment regimens are well accepted. Skin testing may be helpful in patients with a history of severe allergiclike reaction to aid in the selection of alternative contrast agents. Premedication should only be used for a history of allergiclike reaction. Imaging team members should be familiar with signs and symptoms of contrast reactions to allow for prompt assessment and treatment. A plan of action should be in place for contrast reactions and rehearsed regularly.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006973	Hypertension	Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	Blood Pressure, High,Blood Pressures, High,High Blood Pressure,High Blood Pressures
D010102	Oxygen Inhalation Therapy	Inhalation of oxygen aimed at restoring toward normal any pathophysiologic alterations of gas exchange in the cardiopulmonary system, as by the use of a respirator, nasal catheter, tent, chamber, or mask. (From Dorland, 27th ed & Stedman, 25th ed)	Inhalation Therapy, Oxygen,Therapy, Oxygen Inhalation,Inhalation Therapies, Oxygen,Oxygen Inhalation Therapies,Therapies, Oxygen Inhalation
D011654	Pulmonary Edema	Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.	Wet Lung,Edema, Pulmonary,Edemas, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Edemas,Lung, Wet,Lungs, Wet,Wet Lungs
D003287	Contrast Media	Substances used to allow enhanced visualization of tissues.	Radiopaque Media,Contrast Agent,Contrast Agents,Contrast Material,Contrast Materials,Radiocontrast Agent,Radiocontrast Agents,Radiocontrast Media,Agent, Contrast,Agent, Radiocontrast,Agents, Contrast,Agents, Radiocontrast,Material, Contrast,Materials, Contrast,Media, Contrast,Media, Radiocontrast,Media, Radiopaque
D004232	Diuretics	Agents that promote the excretion of urine through their effects on kidney function.	Diuretic,Diuretic Effect,Diuretic Effects,Effect, Diuretic,Effects, Diuretic
D004342	Drug Hypersensitivity	Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.	Allergy, Drug,Hypersensitivity, Drug,Drug Allergy,Allergies, Drug,Drug Allergies,Drug Hypersensitivities,Hypersensitivities, Drug
D005440	Fluid Therapy	Therapy whose basic objective is to restore the volume and composition of the body fluids to normal with respect to WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. Fluids may be administered intravenously, orally, by intermittent gavage, or by HYPODERMOCLYSIS.	Oral Rehydration Therapy,Rehydration,Rehydration, Oral,Oral Rehydration,Rehydration Therapy, Oral,Therapy, Fluid,Therapy, Oral Rehydration,Fluid Therapies,Oral Rehydration Therapies,Oral Rehydrations,Rehydration Therapies, Oral,Rehydrations,Rehydrations, Oral,Therapies, Fluid,Therapies, Oral Rehydration
D005996	Nitroglycerin	A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.	Glyceryl Trinitrate,Anginine,Dynamite,Gilustenon,Nitrangin,Nitro-Bid,Nitro-Dur,Nitrocard,Nitroderm,Nitroderm TTS,Nitroglyn,Nitrol,Nitrolan,Nitrong,Nitrospan,Nitrostat,Perlinganit,Susadrin,Sustac,Sustak,Sustonit,Transderm Nitro,Tridil,Trinitrin,Trinitrolong,Nitro Bid,Nitro Dur,NitroBid,NitroDur,Trinitrate, Glyceryl
D006633	Histamine Antagonists	Drugs that bind to but do not activate histamine receptors, thereby blocking the actions of histamine or histamine agonists. Classical antihistaminics block the histamine H1 receptors only.	Antihistamine,Antihistamines,Histamine Antagonist,Antagonist, Histamine,Antagonists, Histamine
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man