Biomaterial Database

Methods for genetic transformation of filamentous fungi. 2017

Dandan Li, and Yu Tang, and Jun Lin, and Weiwen Cai

Institute of Apply Genomics, Fuzhou University, No.2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China.

Filamentous fungi have been of great interest because of their excellent ability as cell factories to manufacture useful products for human beings. The development of genetic transformation techniques is a precondition that enables scientists to target and modify genes efficiently and may reveal the function of target genes. The method to deliver foreign nucleic acid into cells is the sticking point for fungal genome modification. Up to date, there are some general methods of genetic transformation for fungi, including protoplast-mediated transformation, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, electroporation, biolistic method and shock-wave-mediated transformation. This article reviews basic protocols and principles of these transformation methods, as well as their advantages and disadvantages.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D011523	Protoplasts	The protoplasm and plasma membrane of plant, fungal, bacterial or archaeon cells without the CELL WALL.	Protoplast
D005658	Fungi	A kingdom of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that live parasitically as saprobes, including MUSHROOMS; YEASTS; smuts, molds, etc. They reproduce either sexually or asexually, and have life cycles that range from simple to complex. Filamentous fungi, commonly known as molds, refer to those that grow as multicellular colonies.	Fungi, Filamentous,Molds,Filamentous Fungi,Filamentous Fungus,Fungus,Fungus, Filamentous,Mold
D005821	Genetic Techniques	Chromosomal, biochemical, intracellular, and other methods used in the study of genetics.	Genetic Technic,Genetic Technics,Genetic Technique,Technic, Genetic,Technics, Genetic,Technique, Genetic,Techniques, Genetic
D014170	Transformation, Genetic	Change brought about to an organisms genetic composition by unidirectional transfer (TRANSFECTION; TRANSDUCTION, GENETIC; CONJUGATION, GENETIC, etc.) and incorporation of foreign DNA into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells by recombination of part or all of that DNA into the cell's genome.	Genetic Transformation,Genetic Transformations,Transformations, Genetic
D016681	Genome, Fungal	The complete gene complement contained in a set of chromosomes in a fungus.	Fungal Genome,Fungal Genomes,Genomes, Fungal
D060054	Agrobacterium	A genus of gram negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in soil, plants, and marine mud.
D018014	Gene Transfer Techniques	The introduction of functional (usually cloned) GENES into cells. A variety of techniques and naturally occurring processes are used for the gene transfer such as cell hybridization, LIPOSOMES or microcell-mediated gene transfer, ELECTROPORATION, chromosome-mediated gene transfer, TRANSFECTION, and GENETIC TRANSDUCTION. Gene transfer may result in genetically transformed cells and individual organisms.	Gene Delivery Systems,Gene Transfer Technique,Transgenesis,Delivery System, Gene,Delivery Systems, Gene,Gene Delivery System,Technique, Gene Transfer,Techniques, Gene Transfer,Transfer Technique, Gene,Transfer Techniques, Gene
D018274	Electroporation	A technique in which electric pulses, in kilovolts per centimeter and of microsecond-to-millisecond duration, cause a loss of the semipermeability of CELL MEMBRANES, thus leading to ion leakage, escape of metabolites, and increased uptake by cells of drugs, molecular probes, and DNA. Depending on the dosage, the formation of openings in the cell membranes caused by the electric pulses may or may not be reversible.	Electric Field-Mediated Cell Permeabilization,Irreversible Electroporation,Reversible Electroporation,Electropermeabilisation,Electric Field Mediated Cell Permeabilization,Electroporation, Irreversible,Electroporation, Reversible
D019470	Biolistics	Techniques where DNA is delivered directly into organelles at high speed using projectiles coated with nucleic acid, shot from a helium-powered gun (gene gun). One of these techniques involves immunization by DNA VACCINES, which delivers DNA-coated gold beads to the epidermis.	Gene-Gun Technique,Particle-Mediated Epidermal Delivery of DNA,Gene Gun DNA Immunization,Particle Mediated Epidermal Delivery of DNA,Biolistic,Gene Gun Technique,Gene-Gun Techniques