Biomaterial Database

[General review of a non-sedative antihistaminic, astemizole (Hismanal), a H1 receptor antagonist]. 1988

P Molkhou

Hôpital St-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris.

The non-sedating antihistamine Astemizole seems to approach all the major characteristics of the ideal histamine H1 antagonist, according to a comprehensive review of 54 clinical trials and clinical use in over 6,500,000 patients worldwide. The following statements concerning Astemizole can now be made: Astemizole is more potent than any other known antihistamine, following Astemizole therapy, H1 blockade is complete in the main target tissues, such as nasal and ocular mucosa, this blockade is also specific, since all histamine-mediated signs and symptoms respond to the drug, this blockade is maintained, since tolerance does not appear during long-term treatment. Astemizole is a non-sedative and non-toxic drug, even during chronic use. Astemizole is very effective in patients with chronic urticaria. Astemizole has well-documented beneficial protective effects on histamine-induced bronchoconstriction.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006255	Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal	Allergic rhinitis that occurs at the same time every year. It is characterized by acute CONJUNCTIVITIS with lacrimation and ITCHING, and regarded as an allergic condition triggered by specific ALLERGENS.	Hay Fever,Pollen Allergy,Pollinosis,Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis,Hayfever,Allergic Rhinitides, Seasonal,Allergic Rhinitis, Seasonal,Allergies, Pollen,Allergy, Pollen,Fever, Hay,Pollen Allergies,Pollinoses,Rhinitides, Seasonal Allergic,Rhinitis, Seasonal Allergic,Seasonal Allergic Rhinitides
D006634	Histamine H1 Antagonists	Drugs that selectively bind to but do not activate histamine H1 receptors, thereby blocking the actions of endogenous histamine. Included here are the classical antihistaminics that antagonize or prevent the action of histamine mainly in immediate hypersensitivity. They act in the bronchi, capillaries, and some other smooth muscles, and are used to prevent or allay motion sickness, seasonal rhinitis, and allergic dermatitis and to induce somnolence. The effects of blocking central nervous system H1 receptors are not as well understood.	Antihistamines, Classical,Antihistaminics, Classical,Antihistaminics, H1,Histamine H1 Antagonist,Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonist,Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonists,Histamine H1 Receptor Blockaders,Antagonists, Histamine H1,Antagonists, Histamine H1 Receptor,Antihistamines, Sedating,Blockaders, Histamine H1 Receptor,First Generation H1 Antagonists,H1 Receptor Blockaders,Histamine H1 Blockers,Receptor Blockaders, H1,Antagonist, Histamine H1,Classical Antihistamines,Classical Antihistaminics,H1 Antagonist, Histamine,H1 Antagonists, Histamine,H1 Antihistaminics,Sedating Antihistamines
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001249	Asthma	A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).	Asthma, Bronchial,Bronchial Asthma,Asthmas
D001562	Benzimidazoles	Compounds with a BENZENE fused to IMIDAZOLES.
D012221	Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial	Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose similar to that found in hay fever except that symptoms persist throughout the year. The causes are usually air-borne allergens, particularly dusts, feathers, molds, animal fur, etc.	Rhinitis, Allergic, Nonseasonal
D014581	Urticaria	A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of vascular permeability. The causative mechanism may be allergy, infection, or stress.	Hives,Urticarial Wheals,Urticarial Wheal,Urticarias,Wheal, Urticarial,Wheals, Urticarial
D016589	Astemizole	Antihistamine drug now withdrawn from the market in many countries because of rare but potentially fatal side effects.	Alermizol,Astemina,Astemizol Alonga,Astemizol Ratiopharm,Astesen,Emdar,Esmacen,Fustermizol,Hismanal,Histaminos,Hubermizol,Laridal,Paralergin,R-43-512,Retolen,Rifedot,Rimbol,Romadin,Simprox,Urdrim,Alonga, Astemizol,R 43 512,R43512,Ratiopharm, Astemizol