Biomaterial Database

Efficient Singlet Oxygen Generation in Metal Nanoclusters for Two-Photon Photodynamic Therapy Applications. 2017

Rosina Ho-Wu, and Sung Hei Yau, and Theodore Goodson

Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.

The generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) has been established as the principal mechanism of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Various dyes, metal nanoparticles, and clusters have been shown to sensitize 1O2. However, metal nanoclusters are even more promising candidates as photosensitizers for this purpose. By understanding the optical properties that lead to efficient 1O2 generation, one can fully realize their potential as PDT photosensitizers. Three different metal nanoclusters, Au25, Ag32, and Au144, are investigated for their 1O2 generation efficiency. The Au144 showed a 1O2 generation rate that is 2 orders of magnitude higher than that for Au25 and Ag32, and several orders of magnitude higher than nanoparticles (>5 nm) due to Au144's high absorption cross section-to-volume ratio. The effectiveness of PDT in live cells with nanoclusters was demonstrated by two-photon excitation compared to one-photon excitation. The implication of these results points toward new efficient two-photon 1O2 sensitizers for photodynamic therapy.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010778	Photochemotherapy	Therapy using oral or topical photosensitizing agents with subsequent exposure to light.	Blue Light Photodynamic Therapy,Photodynamic Therapy,Red Light PDT,Red Light Photodynamic Therapy,Therapy, Photodynamic,Light PDT, Red,PDT, Red Light,Photochemotherapies,Photodynamic Therapies,Therapies, Photodynamic
D002460	Cell Line	Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.	Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D002470	Cell Survival	The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.	Cell Viability,Cell Viabilities,Survival, Cell,Viabilities, Cell,Viability, Cell
D005347	Fibroblasts	Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.	Fibroblast
D006046	Gold	A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D017319	Photosensitizing Agents	Drugs that are pharmacologically inactive but when exposed to ultraviolet radiation or sunlight are converted to their active metabolite to produce a beneficial reaction affecting the diseased tissue. These compounds can be administered topically or systemically and have been used therapeutically to treat psoriasis and various types of neoplasms.	Photosensitizer,Photosensitizers,Photosensitizing Agent,Photosensitizing Effect,Photosensitizing Effects,Agent, Photosensitizing,Agents, Photosensitizing,Effect, Photosensitizing,Effects, Photosensitizing
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus
D053768	Metal Nanoparticles	Nanoparticles produced from metals whose uses include biosensors, optics, and catalysts. In biomedical applications the particles frequently involve the noble metals, especially gold and silver.	Metal Nanocrystals,Metallic Nanocrystals,Metallic Nanoparticles,Metal Nanocrystal,Metal Nanoparticle,Metallic Nanocrystal,Metallic Nanoparticle,Nanocrystal, Metal,Nanocrystal, Metallic,Nanocrystals, Metal,Nanocrystals, Metallic,Nanoparticle, Metal,Nanoparticle, Metallic,Nanoparticles, Metal,Nanoparticles, Metallic
D026082	Singlet Oxygen	An excited state of molecular oxygen generated photochemically or chemically. Singlet oxygen reacts with a variety of biological molecules such as NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS; causing oxidative damages.	Singlet Dioxygen,Dioxygen, Singlet,Oxygen, Singlet