Socioeconomic Factors, Health Behavior, and Late-Stage Diagnosis of Breast Cancer: Considering the Impact of Delay in Diagnosis. 2018

Mostafa Dianatinasab, and Mohammad Mohammadianpanah, and Nima Daneshi, and Mohammad Zare-Bandamiri, and Abbas Rezaeianzadeh, and Mohammad Fararouei
Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Stage of cancer at diagnosis is one of the most important factors in patient prognosis. By controlling for diagnostic delay, this study aimed to identify factors associated with late-stage breast cancer (BC). From November 2014 to January 2017, required information on 497 patients who were newly diagnosed with BC was obtained from patients' medical records. Logistic regression was used to measure the association between cancer stage and study variables. Only 18.3% of patients were diagnosed at stage I. The rest were diagnosed at stage II (45.5%) or higher (36.2%). Among those with ≤ 3 months' diagnostic delay, age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93-0.99), place of residence (OR urban/rural = 1.72; 95% CI, 1.42-1.93), income (OR high/low = 0.27; 95% CI, 0.10-0.72), performing breast self-examination (OR yes/no = 0.51; 95% CI, 0.0.26 -0.98), smoking (OR yes/no = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.37-3.62), history of chest X-ray (OR yes/no = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.16-1.98), presence of chronic diseases (OR yes/no = 1.73; 95% CI, 1.36-5.48), and, for those with a delay of > 3 months, marriage age (OR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.73-0.94), income (OR high/low = 0.07; 95% CI, 0.008-0.63), family history of BC (OR = 3.82; 95% CI, 1.05-5.05), daily exercise (OR < 10/10-20 = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.01-0.67), and presence of chronic diseases (OR yes/no = 1.77; 95% CI, 1.73-5.07), were associated with late-stage of cancer. Shortening the diagnostic delay can help patients receive medical treatment at an earlier disease stage, resulting in better prognosis. Smokers, younger women, and those with chronic conditions or a family history of BC should take extra caution, as they may have worse prognosis if diagnosed with cancer.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009367 Neoplasm Staging Methods which attempt to express in replicable terms the extent of the neoplasm in the patient. Cancer Staging,Staging, Neoplasm,Tumor Staging,TNM Classification,TNM Staging,TNM Staging System,Classification, TNM,Classifications, TNM,Staging System, TNM,Staging Systems, TNM,Staging, Cancer,Staging, TNM,Staging, Tumor,System, TNM Staging,Systems, TNM Staging,TNM Classifications,TNM Staging Systems
D011379 Prognosis A prediction of the probable outcome of a disease based on a individual's condition and the usual course of the disease as seen in similar situations. Prognostic Factor,Prognostic Factors,Factor, Prognostic,Factors, Prognostic,Prognoses
D012042 Registries The systems and processes involved in the establishment, support, management, and operation of registers, e.g., disease registers. Parish Registers,Population Register,Parish Register,Population Registers,Register, Parish,Register, Population,Registers, Parish,Registers, Population,Registry
D001943 Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. Breast Cancer,Breast Tumors,Cancer of Breast,Breast Carcinoma,Cancer of the Breast,Human Mammary Carcinoma,Malignant Neoplasm of Breast,Malignant Tumor of Breast,Mammary Cancer,Mammary Carcinoma, Human,Mammary Neoplasm, Human,Mammary Neoplasms, Human,Neoplasms, Breast,Tumors, Breast,Breast Carcinomas,Breast Malignant Neoplasm,Breast Malignant Neoplasms,Breast Malignant Tumor,Breast Malignant Tumors,Breast Neoplasm,Breast Tumor,Cancer, Breast,Cancer, Mammary,Cancers, Mammary,Carcinoma, Breast,Carcinoma, Human Mammary,Carcinomas, Breast,Carcinomas, Human Mammary,Human Mammary Carcinomas,Human Mammary Neoplasm,Human Mammary Neoplasms,Mammary Cancers,Mammary Carcinomas, Human,Neoplasm, Breast,Neoplasm, Human Mammary,Neoplasms, Human Mammary,Tumor, Breast
D003430 Cross-Sectional Studies Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time. Disease Frequency Surveys,Prevalence Studies,Analysis, Cross-Sectional,Cross Sectional Analysis,Cross-Sectional Survey,Surveys, Disease Frequency,Analyses, Cross Sectional,Analyses, Cross-Sectional,Analysis, Cross Sectional,Cross Sectional Analyses,Cross Sectional Studies,Cross Sectional Survey,Cross-Sectional Analyses,Cross-Sectional Analysis,Cross-Sectional Study,Cross-Sectional Surveys,Disease Frequency Survey,Prevalence Study,Studies, Cross-Sectional,Studies, Prevalence,Study, Cross-Sectional,Study, Prevalence,Survey, Cross-Sectional,Survey, Disease Frequency,Surveys, Cross-Sectional
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000367 Age Factors Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time. Age Reporting,Age Factor,Factor, Age,Factors, Age

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