Biomaterial Database

HLA-DR and -DQ DNA genotyping in seven populations of Asia-Oceania and Australia. 1988

M R Kohonen-Corish, and H Dunckley, and S W Serjeantson

Department of Human Genetics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra.

Haplotype patterns of HLA-DR and -DQ restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were compared in seven populations in the region of Asia-Oceania: Australian Caucasoids, Melanesians, micronesians, Polynesians, Chinese, Koreans, and Japanese. Several DR beta RFLP patterns, including those correlating with DR2, 4,5, w6, 7 and w8 in Caucasoids, were associated with multiple DQ alpha/DQ beta RFLP haplotypes, of which only two occurred universally - one associated with DR4 and one with DR5. RFLPs revealed new population or group specific characteristics, which had not been previously discovered using serological or cellular HLA typing techniques. The populations of Asia-Oceania have some features of the class II RFLPs in common, which are distinctly different from Caucasoids. On the other hand, a number of characteristics distinguish between the various Asian and Pacific groups. This study demonstrates the power of RFLP analysis of closely linked genes in population genetics, and shows the value of ethnic comparisons in further characterizing the polymorphisms of the HLA class II genes.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D012150	Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length	Variation occurring within a species in the presence or length of DNA fragment generated by a specific endonuclease at a specific site in the genome. Such variations are generated by mutations that create or abolish recognition sites for these enzymes or change the length of the fragment.	RFLP,Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism,RFLPs,Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms
D004247	DNA	A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).	DNA, Double-Stranded,Deoxyribonucleic Acid,ds-DNA,DNA, Double Stranded,Double-Stranded DNA,ds DNA
D005828	Genetics, Population	The discipline studying genetic composition of populations and effects of factors such as GENETIC SELECTION, population size, MUTATION, migration, and GENETIC DRIFT on the frequencies of various GENOTYPES and PHENOTYPES using a variety of GENETIC TECHNIQUES.	Population Genetics
D005838	Genotype	The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.	Genogroup,Genogroups,Genotypes
D006239	Haplotypes	The genetic constitution of individuals with respect to one member of a pair of allelic genes, or sets of genes that are closely linked and tend to be inherited together such as those of the MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX.	Haplotype
D006683	HLA-DQ Antigens	A group of the D-related HLA antigens found to differ from the DR antigens in genetic locus and therefore inheritance. These antigens are polymorphic glycoproteins comprising alpha and beta chains and are found on lymphoid and other cells, often associated with certain diseases.	HLA-DC Antigens,HLA-MB Antigens,HLA-DC,HLA-DQ,HLA-DS,HLA-DS Antigens,HLA-LB,HLA-LB Antigens,HLA-MB,Antigens, HLA-DC,Antigens, HLA-DQ,Antigens, HLA-DS,Antigens, HLA-LB,Antigens, HLA-MB,HLA DC Antigens,HLA DQ Antigens,HLA DS Antigens,HLA LB Antigens,HLA MB Antigens
D006684	HLA-DR Antigens	A subclass of HLA-D antigens that consist of alpha and beta chains. The inheritance of HLA-DR antigens differs from that of the HLA-DQ ANTIGENS and HLA-DP ANTIGENS.	HLA-DR,Antigens, HLA-DR,HLA DR Antigens
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001208	Asia	The largest of the continents. It was known to the Romans more specifically as what we know today as Asia Minor. The name comes from at least two possible sources: from the Assyrian asu (to rise) or from the Sanskrit usa (dawn), both with reference to its being the land of the rising sun, i.e., eastern as opposed to Europe, to the west. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p82 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p34)
D001315	Australia	The smallest continent and an independent country, comprising six states and two territories. Its capital is Canberra.	Canton and Enderbury Islands,Christmas Island,Christmas Island (Australia)