Unexpectedly high genetic diversity and divergence among populations of the apomictic Neotropical tree Miconia albicans. 2018

A C C Dias, and A C Serra, and D S Sampaio, and E L Borba, and A M Bonetti, and P E Oliveira
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Uberlândia, Brazil.

Since tropical trees often have long generation times and relatively small reproductive populations, breeding systems and genetic variation are important for population viability and have consequences for conservation. Miconia albicans is an obligate, diplosporous, apomictic species widespread in the Brazilian Cerrado, the savanna areas in central Brazil and elsewhere in the Neotropics. The genetic variability would be, theoretically, low within these male-sterile and possibly clonal populations, although some variation would be expected due to recombination during restitutional meiosis. We used ISSR markers to assess genetic diversity of M. albicans and to compare with other tropical trees, including invasive species of Melastomataceae. A total of 120 individuals from six populations were analysed using ten ISSR primers, which produced 153 fully reproducible fragments. The populations of M. albicans presented mean Shannon's information index (I) of 0.244 and expected heterozygosity (He ) of 0.168. Only two pairs of apparently clonal trees were identified, and genetic diversity was relatively high. A hierarchical amova for all ISSR datasets showed that 74% of the variance was found among populations, while only 26% of the variance was found within populations of this species. Multivariate and Bayesian analyses indicated marked separation between the studied populations. The genetic diversity generated by restitutional meiosis, polyploidy and possibly other genome changes may explain the morpho-physiological plasticity and the ability of these plants to differentiate and occupy such a wide territory and different environmental conditions. Producing enormous amounts of bird-dispersed fruits, M. albicans possess weedy potential that may rival other Melastomataceae alien invaders.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010802 Phylogeny The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup. Community Phylogenetics,Molecular Phylogenetics,Phylogenetic Analyses,Phylogenetic Analysis,Phylogenetic Clustering,Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis,Phylogenetic Comparative Methods,Phylogenetic Distance,Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares,Phylogenetic Groups,Phylogenetic Incongruence,Phylogenetic Inference,Phylogenetic Networks,Phylogenetic Reconstruction,Phylogenetic Relatedness,Phylogenetic Relationships,Phylogenetic Signal,Phylogenetic Structure,Phylogenetic Tree,Phylogenetic Trees,Phylogenomics,Analyse, Phylogenetic,Analysis, Phylogenetic,Analysis, Phylogenetic Comparative,Clustering, Phylogenetic,Community Phylogenetic,Comparative Analysis, Phylogenetic,Comparative Method, Phylogenetic,Distance, Phylogenetic,Group, Phylogenetic,Incongruence, Phylogenetic,Inference, Phylogenetic,Method, Phylogenetic Comparative,Molecular Phylogenetic,Network, Phylogenetic,Phylogenetic Analyse,Phylogenetic Clusterings,Phylogenetic Comparative Analyses,Phylogenetic Comparative Method,Phylogenetic Distances,Phylogenetic Group,Phylogenetic Incongruences,Phylogenetic Inferences,Phylogenetic Network,Phylogenetic Reconstructions,Phylogenetic Relatednesses,Phylogenetic Relationship,Phylogenetic Signals,Phylogenetic Structures,Phylogenetic, Community,Phylogenetic, Molecular,Phylogenies,Phylogenomic,Reconstruction, Phylogenetic,Relatedness, Phylogenetic,Relationship, Phylogenetic,Signal, Phylogenetic,Structure, Phylogenetic,Tree, Phylogenetic
D001938 Brazil A country located on the eastern coast of South America, located between Colombia and Peru, that borders the Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana, on the south by Uruguay, and on the west by Argentina. The capital is Brasilia.
D005819 Genetic Markers A phenotypically recognizable genetic trait which can be used to identify a genetic locus, a linkage group, or a recombination event. Chromosome Markers,DNA Markers,Markers, DNA,Markers, Genetic,Genetic Marker,Marker, Genetic,Chromosome Marker,DNA Marker,Marker, Chromosome,Marker, DNA,Markers, Chromosome
D014197 Trees Woody, usually tall, perennial higher plants (Angiosperms, Gymnosperms, and some Pterophyta) having usually a main stem and numerous branches. Tree
D014329 Tropical Climate A climate which is typical of equatorial and tropical regions, i.e., one with continually high temperatures with considerable precipitation, at least during part of the year. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Climate, Tropical,Climates, Tropical,Tropical Climates
D014644 Genetic Variation Genotypic differences observed among individuals in a population. Genetic Diversity,Variation, Genetic,Diversity, Genetic,Diversities, Genetic,Genetic Diversities,Genetic Variations,Variations, Genetic
D016133 Polymerase Chain Reaction In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships. Anchored PCR,Inverse PCR,Nested PCR,PCR,Anchored Polymerase Chain Reaction,Inverse Polymerase Chain Reaction,Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR, Anchored,PCR, Inverse,PCR, Nested,Polymerase Chain Reactions,Reaction, Polymerase Chain,Reactions, Polymerase Chain
D018744 DNA, Plant Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of plants. Plant DNA
D018895 Microsatellite Repeats A variety of simple repeat sequences that are distributed throughout the GENOME. They are characterized by a short repeat unit of 2-8 basepairs that is repeated up to 100 times. They are also known as short tandem repeats (STRs). Microsatellite Markers,Pentanucleotide Repeats,Simple Repetitive Sequence,Tetranucleotide Repeats,Microsatellites,Short Tandem Repeats,Simple Sequence Repeats,Marker, Microsatellite,Markers, Microsatellite,Microsatellite,Microsatellite Marker,Microsatellite Repeat,Pentanucleotide Repeat,Repeat, Microsatellite,Repeat, Pentanucleotide,Repeat, Short Tandem,Repeat, Simple Sequence,Repeat, Tetranucleotide,Repeats, Microsatellite,Repeats, Pentanucleotide,Repeats, Short Tandem,Repeats, Simple Sequence,Repeats, Tetranucleotide,Repetitive Sequence, Simple,Repetitive Sequences, Simple,Sequence Repeat, Simple,Sequence Repeats, Simple,Sequence, Simple Repetitive,Sequences, Simple Repetitive,Short Tandem Repeat,Simple Repetitive Sequences,Simple Sequence Repeat,Tandem Repeat, Short,Tandem Repeats, Short,Tetranucleotide Repeat
D035322 Melastomataceae A plant family of the order Myrtales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida composed of tropical plants with parallel-nerved leaves. Miconia,Miconias

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