Halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) in surface sediment from the Pearl River Delta region and Mirs Bay, South China. 2018

Bingqing Zhu, and James C W Lam, and Paul K S Lam
State Key Environmental Protection Laboratory of Monitoring and Analysis for Organic Pollutants in Surface Water, Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing 210036, China. Electronic address: janezbq@aliyun.com.

A total of 43 surface sediment collected from rivers and the estuaries in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region and Mirs Bay from the South China were analyzed for twelve halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer system. Their levels, spacial distribution, congener profiles and possible sources were investigated. Decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) was the predominant contaminant (1.520-1714ng/g dw) in the study area exceeding those of PBDEs (8.090-595.8ng/g dw), implying that DBDPE has been the predominant HFR products in this region in recent years in addition to PBDEs. Whereas the ratio of [DBDPE/BDE 209] varied among samples, this is indicative of different usage patterns of HFRs between PRD region and Mirs Bay. The PBDEs congener was dominated by BDE 209, with the average value accounting for 86.8% of the total PBDE in the sediment samples.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D001969 Bromobenzenes Derivatives of benzene in which one or more hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring are replaced by bromine atoms.
D002681 China A country spanning from central Asia to the Pacific Ocean. Inner Mongolia,Manchuria,People's Republic of China,Sinkiang,Mainland China
D004784 Environmental Monitoring The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment. Monitoring, Environmental,Environmental Surveillance,Surveillance, Environmental
D005411 Flame Retardants Materials applied to fabrics, bedding, furniture, plastics, etc. to retard their burning; many may leach out and cause allergies or other harm. Fire Retardant,Fire Retardants,Fireproofing Agent,Fireproofing Agents,Flame Retardant,Agent, Fireproofing,Agents, Fireproofing,Retardant, Fire,Retardant, Flame,Retardants, Fire,Retardants, Flame
D014874 Water Pollutants, Chemical Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water. Chemical Water Pollutants,Landfill Leachate,Leachate, Landfill,Pollutants, Chemical Water
D045483 Rivers Large natural streams of FRESH WATER formed by converging tributaries and which empty into a body of water (lake or ocean). Streams,River,Stream
D055768 Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers Compounds that contain two halogenated benzene rings linked via an OXYGEN atom. Many polybrominated diphenyl ethers are used as FLAME RETARDANTS. Brominated Diphenyl Ethers,Chlorinated Diphenyl Ethers,Fluorinated Diphenyl Ethers,Iodinated Diphenyl Ethers,PBDE Compounds,PBDEs,PCDE Compounds,PCDEs,Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers,Diphenyl Ethers, Brominated,Diphenyl Ethers, Chlorinated,Diphenyl Ethers, Fluorinated,Diphenyl Ethers, Halogenated,Diphenyl Ethers, Iodinated,Diphenyl Ethers, Polybrominated,Ethers, Brominated Diphenyl,Ethers, Chlorinated Diphenyl,Ethers, Fluorinated Diphenyl,Ethers, Halogenated Diphenyl,Ethers, Iodinated Diphenyl,Ethers, Polybrominated Diphenyl
D061006 Bays An area of water mostly surrounded by land, usually smaller than a gulf, and affording access to the sea. Inlets,Bay,Inlet
D019015 Geologic Sediments A mass of organic or inorganic solid fragmented material, or the solid fragment itself, that comes from the weathering of rock and is carried by, suspended in, or dropped by air, water, or ice. It refers also to a mass that is accumulated by any other natural agent and that forms in layers on the earth's surface, such as sand, gravel, silt, mud, fill, or loess. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1689) Marine Oil Snow,Sediments, Geologic,Sediments, Marine,Geologic Sediment,Marine Snow,Sediment, Geologic,Marine Oil Snows,Marine Sediment,Marine Sediments,Oil Snow, Marine,Sediment, Marine,Snow, Marine Oil
D063366 Estuaries A partially enclosed body of water, and its surrounding coastal habitats, where saltwater from the ocean mixes with fresh water from rivers or streams. The resulting mixture of seawater and fresh water is called brackish water and its salinity can range from 0.5 to 35 ppt. (accessed http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/estuaries/estuaries01_whatis.html) Fjord,Estuary,Fjords

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