Trans-sylvian Approach to Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia in Syndromic Cranial Base Settling. 2018

Mrityunjoy Sarkar, and Ashok Pillai
Department of Neurosurgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Kochi, India.

The lateral suboccipital approach for microvascular decompression (MVD) of the trigeminal nerve has become a standard-of-care over the past several decades. Syndromic cranial base settling, a rare but known cause for trigeminal neuralgia (TN), poses significant dilemmas in clinical management. In such cases, distorted anatomy may render surgery via the suboccipital approach difficult or even impossible. A 34-yr-old male with osteogenesis imperfecta and severe basilar invagination suffered from TN that was refractory to medication and stereotactic radiosurgery. MVD of the fifth nerve root was performed via a pterional trans-sylvian approach after 3-dimensional trajectory modeling suggested the feasibility of this approach. He experienced complete resolution of TN and remains free of both pain and medications after 18 mo of follow-up. This microsurgical trajectory, previously undescribed for TN, provides good visualization of the trigeminal root entry zone, thereby offering an excellent surgical option for severe TN in the setting of abnormal posterior fossa anatomy.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D010013 Osteogenesis Imperfecta COLLAGEN DISEASES characterized by brittle, osteoporotic, and easily fractured bones. It may also present with blue sclerae, loose joints, and imperfect dentin formation. Most types are autosomal dominant and are associated with mutations in COLLAGEN TYPE I. Fragilitas Ossium,Lobstein Disease,Brittle Bone Disease,Lobstein's Disease,Osteogenesis Imperfecta Tarda,Osteogenesis Imperfecta with Blue Sclerae,Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Type 1,Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Type I,Disease, Lobstein,Disease, Lobstein's,Lobsteins Disease,Ossiums, Fragilitas,Osteogenesis Imperfecta Tardas
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D014276 Trigeminal Nerve The 5th and largest cranial nerve. The trigeminal nerve is a mixed motor and sensory nerve. The larger sensory part forms the ophthalmic, mandibular, and maxillary nerves which carry afferents sensitive to external or internal stimuli from the skin, muscles, and joints of the face and mouth and from the teeth. Most of these fibers originate from cells of the TRIGEMINAL GANGLION and project to the TRIGEMINAL NUCLEUS of the brain stem. The smaller motor part arises from the brain stem trigeminal motor nucleus and innervates the muscles of mastication. Cranial Nerve V,Fifth Cranial Nerve,Nerve V,Nervus Trigeminus,Cranial Nerve, Fifth,Fifth Cranial Nerves,Nerve V, Cranial,Nerve Vs,Nerve, Fifth Cranial,Nerve, Trigeminal,Trigeminal Nerves,Trigeminus, Nervus
D014277 Trigeminal Neuralgia A syndrome characterized by recurrent episodes of excruciating pain lasting several seconds or longer in the sensory distribution of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE. Pain may be initiated by stimulation of trigger points on the face, lips, or gums or by movement of facial muscles or chewing. Associated conditions include MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, vascular anomalies, ANEURYSMS, and neoplasms. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p187) Tic Doloureux,Tic Douloureux,Epileptiform Neuralgia,Fothergill Disease,Secondary Trigeminal Neuralgia,Trifacial Neuralgia,Trigeminal Neuralgia, Idiopathic,Trigeminal Neuralgia, Secondary,Disease, Fothergill,Epileptiform Neuralgias,Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia,Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgias,Neuralgia, Epileptiform,Neuralgia, Idiopathic Trigeminal,Neuralgia, Secondary Trigeminal,Neuralgia, Trifacial,Neuralgia, Trigeminal,Secondary Trigeminal Neuralgias,Trifacial Neuralgias,Trigeminal Neuralgias
D016896 Treatment Outcome Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series. Rehabilitation Outcome,Treatment Effectiveness,Clinical Effectiveness,Clinical Efficacy,Patient-Relevant Outcome,Treatment Efficacy,Effectiveness, Clinical,Effectiveness, Treatment,Efficacy, Clinical,Efficacy, Treatment,Outcome, Patient-Relevant,Outcome, Rehabilitation,Outcome, Treatment,Outcomes, Patient-Relevant,Patient Relevant Outcome,Patient-Relevant Outcomes
D061145 Microvascular Decompression Surgery Surgery performed to relieve pressure from MICROVESSELS that are located around nerves and are causing NERVE COMPRESSION SYNDROMES. Microvascular Decompression,Decompression Surgeries, Microvascular,Decompression Surgery, Microvascular,Decompression, Microvascular,Decompressions, Microvascular,Microvascular Decompression Surgeries,Microvascular Decompressions,Surgeries, Microvascular Decompression,Surgery, Microvascular Decompression
D019291 Skull Base The inferior region of the skull consisting of an internal (cerebral), and an external (basilar) surface. Basicranium,Cranial Base,Base of Skull,Basis cranii,Base, Cranial,Base, Skull

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