Human brain phenytoin: correlation with unbound and total serum concentrations. 1989

P N Friel, and G A Ojemann, and R L Rapport, and R H Levy, and G Van Belle
Dept. of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.

Simultaneous brain (gray matter) and serum specimens from 18 patients treated with oral phenytoin, who underwent cortical resections for intractable seizures, were analyzed by HPLC. The correlation between brain phenytoin concentration and unbound (free) phenytoin (r = 0.98-0.99) was significantly better than the correlation between brain phenytoin and total serum phenytoin (r = 0.90-0.93). Phenytoin concentrations in tissue from epileptic foci were slightly lower than brain phenytoin concentrations in non-epileptic regions in the same patient (means 15.0 vs. 15.5 micrograms/g, P less than 0.05). The results support the value of monitoring unbound phenytoin in clinical situations where phenytoin binding is highly variable.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010672 Phenytoin An anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs. Diphenylhydantoin,Fenitoin,Phenhydan,5,5-Diphenylhydantoin,5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione,Antisacer,Difenin,Dihydan,Dilantin,Epamin,Epanutin,Hydantol,Phenytoin Sodium,Sodium Diphenylhydantoinate,Diphenylhydantoinate, Sodium
D001921 Brain The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM. Encephalon
D004827 Epilepsy A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313) Aura,Awakening Epilepsy,Seizure Disorder,Epilepsy, Cryptogenic,Auras,Cryptogenic Epilepsies,Cryptogenic Epilepsy,Epilepsies,Epilepsies, Cryptogenic,Epilepsy, Awakening,Seizure Disorders
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293 Adolescent A person 13 to 18 years of age. Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults

Related Publications

P N Friel, and G A Ojemann, and R L Rapport, and R H Levy, and G Van Belle
April 2016, The Annals of pharmacotherapy,
P N Friel, and G A Ojemann, and R L Rapport, and R H Levy, and G Van Belle
June 2016, The Annals of pharmacotherapy,
P N Friel, and G A Ojemann, and R L Rapport, and R H Levy, and G Van Belle
June 2016, The Annals of pharmacotherapy,
P N Friel, and G A Ojemann, and R L Rapport, and R H Levy, and G Van Belle
June 2014, Journal of child neurology,
P N Friel, and G A Ojemann, and R L Rapport, and R H Levy, and G Van Belle
December 1993, Clinical pharmacy,
P N Friel, and G A Ojemann, and R L Rapport, and R H Levy, and G Van Belle
January 1984, Therapeutic drug monitoring,
P N Friel, and G A Ojemann, and R L Rapport, and R H Levy, and G Van Belle
August 2011, Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet,
P N Friel, and G A Ojemann, and R L Rapport, and R H Levy, and G Van Belle
March 1990, Therapeutic drug monitoring,
P N Friel, and G A Ojemann, and R L Rapport, and R H Levy, and G Van Belle
July 2019, Pharmacotherapy,
P N Friel, and G A Ojemann, and R L Rapport, and R H Levy, and G Van Belle
March 1996, The Annals of pharmacotherapy,
Copied contents to your clipboard!