Biomaterial Database

Respiratory Responses to Ozone Exposure. MOSES (The Multicenter Ozone Study in Older Subjects). 2018

Mehrdad Arjomandi, and John R Balmes, and Mark W Frampton, and Philip Bromberg, and David Q Rich, and Paul Stark, and Neil E Alexis, and Maria Costantini, and Danielle Hollenbeck-Pringle, and Nicholas Dagincourt, and Milan J Hazucha

1 San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California.

Acute respiratory effects of low-level ozone exposure are not well defined in older adults. MOSES (The Multicenter Ozone Study in Older Subjects), although primarily focused on acute cardiovascular effects, provided an opportunity to assess respiratory responses to low concentrations of ozone in older healthy adults. We performed a randomized crossover, controlled exposure study of 87 healthy adults (59.9 ± 4.5 yr old; 60% female) to 0, 70, and 120 ppb ozone for 3 hours with intermittent exercise. Outcome measures included spirometry, sputum markers of airway inflammation, and plasma club cell protein-16 (CC16), a marker of airway epithelial injury. The effects of ozone exposure on these outcomes were evaluated with mixed-effect linear models. A P value less than 0.01 was chosen a priori to define statistical significance. The mean (95% confidence interval) FEV1 and FVC increased from preexposure values by 2.7% (2.0-3.4) and 2.1% (1.3-2.9), respectively, 15 minutes after exposure to filtered air (0 ppb). Exposure to ozone reduced these increases in a concentration-dependent manner. After 120-ppb exposure, FEV1 and FVC decreased by 1.7% (1.1-2.3) and 0.8% (0.3-1.3), respectively. A similar concentration-dependent pattern was still discernible 22 hours after exposure. At 4 hours after exposure, plasma CC16 increased from preexposure levels in an ozone concentration-dependent manner. Sputum neutrophils obtained 22 hours after exposure showed a marginally significant increase in a concentration-dependent manner (P = 0.012), but proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α) were not significantly affected. Exposure to ozone at near ambient levels induced lung function effects, airway injury, and airway inflammation in older healthy adults. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01487005).

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007249	Inflammation	A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	Innate Inflammatory Response,Inflammations,Inflammatory Response, Innate,Innate Inflammatory Responses
D008168	Lung	Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.	Lungs
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009518	New York	State bounded on the north by Lake Ontario and Canada, on the east by Vermont, Massachusetts, and Connecticut, on the south by the Atlantic Ocean, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, and on the west by Pennsylvania, Lake Erie, and Canada.
D009657	North Carolina	State bounded on the north by Virginia, on the east and Southeast by the Atlantic Ocean, on the south by Georgia and South Carolina, and on the west by Tennessee.
D010126	Ozone	The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).	Ground Level Ozone,Low Level Ozone,Tropospheric Ozone,Level Ozone, Ground,Level Ozone, Low,Ozone, Ground Level,Ozone, Low Level,Ozone, Tropospheric
D002140	California	State bounded on the east by Nevada and Arizona, on the south by Mexico and the Pacific Ocean on the south and west, and on the north by Oregon.
D004781	Environmental Exposure	The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals.	Exposure, Environmental,Environmental Exposures,Exposures, Environmental
D005260	Female		Females