ROS-induced cleavage of NHLRC2 by caspase-8 leads to apoptotic cell death in the HCT116 human colon cancer cell line. 2017

Kensuke Nishi, and Yuri Iwaihara, and Toshiyuki Tsunoda, and Keiko Doi, and Toshifumi Sakata, and Senji Shirasawa, and Shuhei Ishikura
Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.

Excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is known to cause apoptotic cell death. However, the molecular mechanisms whereby ROS induce apoptosis remain elusive. Here we show that the NHL-repeat-containing protein 2 (NHLRC2) thioredoxin-like domain protein is cleaved by caspase-8 in ROS-induced apoptosis in the HCT116 human colon cancer cell line. Treatment of HCT116 cells with the oxidant tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) induced apoptosis and reduced NHLRC2 protein levels, whereas pretreatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine prevented apoptosis and the decrease in NHLRC2 protein levels seen in tBHP-treated cells. Furthermore, the ROS-induced decrease in NHLRC2 protein levels was relieved by the caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk. We found that the thioredoxin-like domain of NHLRC2 interacted with a proenzyme form of caspase-8, and that caspase-8 cleaved NHLRC2 protein at Asp580 in vitro. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown of caspase-8 blocked the ROS-induced decrease in NHLRC2 protein levels. Both shRNA and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated loss of NHLRC2 resulted in an increased susceptibility of HCT116 cells to ROS-induced apoptosis. These results suggest that excess ROS production causes a caspase-8-mediated decrease in NHLRC2 protein levels, leading to apoptotic cell death in colon cancer cells, and indicate an important role of NHLRC2 in the regulation of ROS-induced apoptosis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011485 Protein Binding The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments. Plasma Protein Binding Capacity,Binding, Protein
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000072417 Protein Domains Discrete protein structural units that may fold independently of the rest of the protein and have their own functions. Peptide Domain,Protein Domain,Domain, Peptide,Domain, Protein,Domains, Peptide,Domains, Protein,Peptide Domains
D000111 Acetylcysteine The N-acetyl derivative of CYSTEINE. It is used as a mucolytic agent to reduce the viscosity of mucous secretions. It has also been shown to have antiviral effects in patients with HIV due to inhibition of viral stimulation by reactive oxygen intermediates. Mercapturic Acid,Acemuc,Acetabs,Acetylcystein AL,Acetylcystein Atid,Acetylcystein Heumann,Acetylcystein Trom,Acetylcysteine Hydrochloride,Acetylcysteine Sodium,Acetylcysteine Zinc,Acetylcysteine, (D)-Isomer,Acetylcysteine, (DL)-Isomer,Acetylcysteine, Monoammonium Salt,Acetylcysteine, Monosodium Salt,Acetylin,Acetyst,Acétylcystéine GNR,Airbron,Alveolex,Azubronchin,Bisolvon NAC,Bromuc,Broncho-Fips,Broncholysin,Broncoclar,Codotussyl,Cystamucil,Dampo Mucopect,Eurespiran,Exomuc,Fabrol,Fluimucil,Fluprowit,Frekatuss,Genac,Hoestil,Ilube,Jenacystein,Jenapharm,Lantamed,Larylin NAC,Lindocetyl,M-Pectil,Muciteran,Muco Sanigen,Mucomyst,Mucosil,Mucosol,Mucosolvin,N-Acetyl-L-cysteine,N-Acetylcysteine,NAC AL,NAC Zambon,Optipect Hustengetränk,Siccoral,Siran,Solmucol,acebraus,durabronchal,mentopin Acetylcystein,Acetylcystein, mentopin,Acid, Mercapturic,Broncho Fips,BronchoFips,Hustengetränk, Optipect,Hydrochloride, Acetylcysteine,M Pectil,MPectil,Monoammonium Salt Acetylcysteine,Monosodium Salt Acetylcysteine,Mucopect, Dampo,N Acetyl L cysteine,N Acetylcysteine,NAC, Bisolvon,Sanigen, Muco,Sodium, Acetylcysteine,Zambon, NAC,Zinc, Acetylcysteine
D000590 Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones Inhibitors of SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES and sulfhydryl group-containing enzymes. They act as alkylating agents and are known to interfere in the translation process. Peptide Chloromethyl Ketones,Chloromethyl Ketones, Peptide,Ketones, Peptide Chloromethyl
D001665 Binding Sites The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule. Combining Site,Binding Site,Combining Sites,Site, Binding,Site, Combining,Sites, Binding,Sites, Combining
D017209 Apoptosis A regulated cell death mechanism characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, including the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA, at regularly spaced, internucleosomal sites, i.e., DNA FRAGMENTATION. It is genetically programmed and serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth. Apoptosis, Extrinsic Pathway,Apoptosis, Intrinsic Pathway,Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis,Classic Apoptosis,Classical Apoptosis,Programmed Cell Death,Programmed Cell Death, Type I,Apoptoses, Extrinsic Pathway,Apoptoses, Intrinsic Pathway,Apoptosis, Caspase-Dependent,Apoptosis, Classic,Apoptosis, Classical,Caspase Dependent Apoptosis,Cell Death, Programmed,Classic Apoptoses,Extrinsic Pathway Apoptoses,Extrinsic Pathway Apoptosis,Intrinsic Pathway Apoptoses,Intrinsic Pathway Apoptosis
D017382 Reactive Oxygen Species Molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. These reactive oxygen intermediates include SINGLET OXYGEN; SUPEROXIDES; PEROXIDES; HYDROXYL RADICAL; and HYPOCHLOROUS ACID. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of PHAGOCYTES, regulation of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION and GENE EXPRESSION, and the oxidative damage to NUCLEIC ACIDS; PROTEINS; and LIPIDS. Active Oxygen Species,Oxygen Radical,Oxygen Radicals,Pro-Oxidant,Reactive Oxygen Intermediates,Active Oxygen,Oxygen Species, Reactive,Pro-Oxidants,Oxygen, Active,Pro Oxidant,Pro Oxidants,Radical, Oxygen
D044767 Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases A diverse class of enzymes that interact with UBIQUITIN-CONJUGATING ENZYMES and ubiquitination-specific protein substrates. Each member of this enzyme group has its own distinct specificity for a substrate and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Ubiquitin-protein ligases exist as both monomeric proteins multiprotein complexes. Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase,E3 Ligase,E3 Ubiquitin Ligase,Ubiquitin Ligase E3,Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase E3,Ligase E3, Ubiquitin,Ligase E3, Ubiquitin-Protein,Ligase, E3,Ligase, E3 Ubiquitin,Ligase, Ubiquitin-Protein,Ligases, Ubiquitin-Protein,Ubiquitin Ligase, E3,Ubiquitin Protein Ligase,Ubiquitin Protein Ligase E3,Ubiquitin Protein Ligases
D045325 HCT116 Cells Human COLORECTAL CARCINOMA cell line. HCT 116 Cells,HCT-116 Cells,Cell, HCT 116,Cell, HCT-116,Cell, HCT116,Cells, HCT 116,Cells, HCT-116,Cells, HCT116,HCT 116 Cell,HCT-116 Cell,HCT116 Cell

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