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The opiate antagonist naloxone was found to block nitrous oxide analgesia in a stereospecific fashion. Using a modified hotplate test in mice, the (-)-enantiomer of naloxone (which has a KD of approximately 1 nM for opiate receptors) antagonized the analgesic actions of nitrous oxide in a dose-dependent (2.5-20 mg/kg) fashion. In contrast, the (+)-enantiomer (KD approximately 10,000 nM) had no effect on nitrous oxide analgesia at the highest dose tested (40 mg/kg). These data strongly suggest that nitrous oxide analgesia is mediated via opiate receptors and is consistent with the hypotheses that this effect occurs either through the release of endogenous opioids or by physical perturbation of the opiate receptors.
E J Moody, and
M Mattson, and
A H Newman, and
K C Rice, and
P Skolnick
December 1977,
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics,
E J Moody, and
M Mattson, and
A H Newman, and
K C Rice, and
P Skolnick
May 1980,
Anesthesiology,
E J Moody, and
M Mattson, and
A H Newman, and
K C Rice, and
P Skolnick
September 1996,
British journal of anaesthesia,
E J Moody, and
M Mattson, and
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P Skolnick
October 1986,
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E J Moody, and
M Mattson, and
A H Newman, and
K C Rice, and
P Skolnick
October 1987,
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E J Moody, and
M Mattson, and
A H Newman, and
K C Rice, and
P Skolnick
January 1980,
European journal of pharmacology,
E J Moody, and
M Mattson, and
A H Newman, and
K C Rice, and
P Skolnick
June 1982,
Pain,
E J Moody, and
M Mattson, and
A H Newman, and
K C Rice, and
P Skolnick
November 1978,
Lancet (London, England),
E J Moody, and
M Mattson, and
A H Newman, and
K C Rice, and
P Skolnick
December 1983,
Anesthesia and analgesia,
E J Moody, and
M Mattson, and
A H Newman, and
K C Rice, and
P Skolnick
January 1968,
University of Toronto undergraduate dental journal,
