Extracorporeal shock waves trigger tenogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells. 2018

Letizia Rinella, and Francesca Marano, and Laura Paletto, and Marco Fraccalvieri, and Laura Annaratone, and Isabella Castellano, and Nicoletta Fortunati, and Alessandro Bargoni, and Laura Berta, and Roberto Frairia, and Maria Graziella Catalano
a Department of Medical Sciences , University of Turin , Turin , Italy.

Incomplete tendon healing impairs the outcome of tendon ruptures and tendinopathies. Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells (hASCs) are promising for tissue engineering applications. Extracorporeal Shock Waves (ESW) are a leading choice for the treatment of several tendinopathies. In this study, we investigated the effects of ESW treatment and tenogenic medium on the differentiation of hASCs into tenoblast-like cells. hASCs were treated with ESW generated by a piezoelectric device and tenogenic medium. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to check the mRNA expression levels of tenogenic transcription factors, extracellular matrix proteins, and integrins. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect collagen 1 and fibronectin. Collagen fibers were evaluated by Masson staining. Calcium deposition was assessed by Alizarin Red staining. The combined treatment improved the expression of the tendon transcription factors scleraxis and eyes absent 2, and of the extracellular matrix proteins fibronectin, collagen I, and tenomodulin. Cells acquired elongated and spindle shaped fibroblastic morphology; Masson staining revealed the appearance of collagen fibers. Finally, the combined treatment induced the expression of alpha 2, alpha 6, and beta 1 integrin subunits, suggesting a possible role in mediating ESW effects. ESW in combination with tenogenic medium improved the differentiation of hASCs toward tenoblast-like cells, providing the basis for ESW and hASCs to be used in tendon tissue engineering.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D002454 Cell Differentiation Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D003094 Collagen A polypeptide substance comprising about one third of the total protein in mammalian organisms. It is the main constituent of SKIN; CONNECTIVE TISSUE; and the organic substance of bones (BONE AND BONES) and teeth (TOOTH). Avicon,Avitene,Collagen Felt,Collagen Fleece,Collagenfleece,Collastat,Dermodress,Microfibril Collagen Hemostat,Pangen,Zyderm,alpha-Collagen,Collagen Hemostat, Microfibril,alpha Collagen
D003470 Culture Media Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN. Media, Culture
D005109 Extracellular Matrix A meshwork-like substance found within the extracellular space and in association with the basement membrane of the cell surface. It promotes cellular proliferation and provides a supporting structure to which cells or cell lysates in culture dishes adhere. Matrix, Extracellular,Extracellular Matrices,Matrices, Extracellular
D005260 Female Females
D005786 Gene Expression Regulation Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation. Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000069453 Ultrasonic Waves Oscillating sound wave with a frequency higher than the upper limit of the human hearing range. LIPUS,Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound,Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Radiation,Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS),Pulsed Ultrasound,Ultrasonic Vibration,Ultrasound Radiation,Ultrasound Waves,Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS),Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasounds (LIPUS),Pulsed Ultrasound, Low-Intensity (LIPUS),Pulsed Ultrasounds,Pulsed Ultrasounds, Low-Intensity (LIPUS),Radiation, Ultrasound,Ultrasonic Vibrations,Ultrasonic Wave,Ultrasound Wave,Ultrasound, Low-Intensity Pulsed (LIPUS),Ultrasound, Pulsed,Ultrasounds, Low-Intensity Pulsed (LIPUS),Ultrasounds, Pulsed,Vibration, Ultrasonic,Vibrations, Ultrasonic,Wave, Ultrasonic,Wave, Ultrasound,Waves, Ultrasonic,Waves, Ultrasound
D000074059 Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy A nonsurgical treatment that uses either HIGH-ENERGY SHOCK WAVES or low energy ACOUSTIC WAVES to treat various musculoskeletal conditions (e.g., PLANTAR FASCIITIS; TENNIS ELBOW). A probe placed on the skin conducts the shock waves thereby delivering a mechanical force to the body’s tissues. Extracorporeal High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Therapy,Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy,HIFU Therapy,High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Therapy,Shock Wave Therapy,Extracorporeal High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Therapy,Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapies,HIFU Therapies,High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Therapy,Shock Wave Therapies,Shockwave Therapies, Extracorporeal,Shockwave Therapy, Extracorporeal,Therapy, Extracorporeal Shockwave,Therapy, HIFU,Therapy, Shock Wave

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