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Anti-Ia reactivity in sera from patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) were characterized by determining cross-reacting specificities with the antigen defined by anti-Ia monoclonal antibody (MoAb) and by studying the effect of CAH sera on the autologous mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR). Preincubation with autoimmune CAH sera lowered the percentage of Ia+ non-T cells stained by anti-Ia MoAb. HBsAg+ve/HBeAg+ve sera did not exert any blocking activity while 4 out of 11 HBsAg+ve/anti-HBe+ve sera exerted a significant blocking effect. Preincubation of cells with normal human serum (NHS) plus aggregated IgG did not block the binding of MoAb anti-Ia. Sera from patients with autoimmune or HBsAg+ve/anti-HBe+ve CAH, that blocked the binding of anti-Ia MoAb to Ia positive target cells by more than 20%, clearly inhibited the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Both IgG and IgM fractions obtained by affinity chromatography from CAH sera inhibited the autologous MLR and blocked the binding of anti-Ia antibody to Ia positive target cells. A significant positive correlation (p less than 0.001) between serum anti-Ia reactivity and serum liver membrane antibodies (LMA) was observed. In 4 "autoimmune" CAH patients, steroid treatment induced a dramatic decrease in the anti-Ia reactivity.
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