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Multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis following severe weight loss. 2018

Mohammed H Alanazy, and Majed A Alomar, and Bandar N Aljafen, and Taim A Muayqil
Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail: dranazy@gmail.com.

Weight loss has substantial health benefits, but it is not risk-free. Various neurological disorders have been reported following bariatric surgery-induced weight loss. Here, we report 3 patients who developed multiple sclerosis (MS), one of whom also developed myasthenia gravis (MG), shortly after significant weight loss. Two patients lost weight by following a diet plan and one underwent bariatric surgery. There may be an association between significant weight loss and the development of an autoimmune neurological disorder such as MS or MG; a high index of suspicion is required.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D009103 Multiple Sclerosis An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903) MS (Multiple Sclerosis),Multiple Sclerosis, Acute Fulminating,Sclerosis, Disseminated,Disseminated Sclerosis,Sclerosis, Multiple
D009157 Myasthenia Gravis A disorder of neuromuscular transmission characterized by fatigable weakness of cranial and skeletal muscles with elevated titers of ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS or muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) autoantibodies. Clinical manifestations may include ocular muscle weakness (fluctuating, asymmetric, external ophthalmoplegia; diplopia; ptosis; and weakness of eye closure) and extraocular fatigable weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles (ocular myasthenia). THYMOMA is commonly associated with this condition. Anti-MuSK Myasthenia Gravis,MuSK MG,MuSK Myasthenia Gravis,Muscle-Specific Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Myasthenia Gravis,Muscle-Specific Tyrosine Kinase Antibody Positive Myasthenia Gravis,Myasthenia Gravis, Generalized,Myasthenia Gravis, Ocular,Anti MuSK Myasthenia Gravis,Generalized Myasthenia Gravis,Muscle Specific Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Myasthenia Gravis,Muscle Specific Tyrosine Kinase Antibody Positive Myasthenia Gravis,Myasthenia Gravis, Anti-MuSK,Myasthenia Gravis, MuSK,Ocular Myasthenia Gravis
D011183 Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery. Complication, Postoperative,Complications, Postoperative,Postoperative Complication
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293 Adolescent A person 13 to 18 years of age. Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D015431 Weight Loss Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT. Weight Reduction,Loss, Weight,Losses, Weight,Reduction, Weight,Reductions, Weight,Weight Losses,Weight Reductions
D050110 Bariatric Surgery Surgical procedures aimed at affecting metabolism and producing major WEIGHT REDUCTION in patients with MORBID OBESITY. Bariatric Surgeries,Bariatric Surgical Procedures,Metabolic Surgery,Stomach Stapling,Bariatric Surgical Procedure,Metabolic Surgeries,Procedure, Bariatric Surgical,Procedures, Bariatric Surgical,Stapling, Stomach,Surgeries, Bariatric,Surgeries, Metabolic,Surgery, Bariatric,Surgery, Metabolic,Surgical Procedure, Bariatric,Surgical Procedures, Bariatric
D031204 Caloric Restriction Reduction in caloric intake without reduction in adequate nutrition. In experimental animals, caloric restriction has been shown to extend lifespan and enhance other physiological variables. Caloric Restricted,Calorie Restricted Diet,Low-Calorie Diet,Calorie Restricted Diets,Diet, Calorie Restricted,Diet, Low-Calorie,Low Calorie Diet,Low-Calorie Diets,Restricted Diet, Calorie,Restricted, Caloric,Restriction, Caloric

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