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The influence of recombinant human TNF-alpha and -beta (rHuTNF-alpha and -beta) in a human mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) was investigated. The addition of 1000 U/ml of either cytokine at the initiation of culture caused up to a sixfold increase in [3H]thymidine incorporation by responder cells. Furthermore, it was found that endogenous HuTNF-alpha is produced after allogeneic cell interaction and can be detected in the MLR supernatant within 1 h of culture initiation. The results also show that, in the absence of exogenous HuTNF-alpha, antibodies to rHuTNF-alpha can cause a significant inhibition of the MLR. These observations indicate the importance of TNF-alpha in allogeneic cell interaction and raise considerations for the use of antibodies, or other antagonists, to TNF-alpha as regulators of disease states associated with cell-mediated immune reactions.
M R Shalaby, and
T Espevik, and
G C Rice, and
A J Ammann, and
I S Figari, and
G E Ranges, and
M A Palladino
April 1992,
Immunology and cell biology,
M R Shalaby, and
T Espevik, and
G C Rice, and
A J Ammann, and
I S Figari, and
G E Ranges, and
M A Palladino
July 2000,
Molecular biotechnology,
M R Shalaby, and
T Espevik, and
G C Rice, and
A J Ammann, and
I S Figari, and
G E Ranges, and
M A Palladino
January 1988,
Experimental cell biology,
M R Shalaby, and
T Espevik, and
G C Rice, and
A J Ammann, and
I S Figari, and
G E Ranges, and
M A Palladino
December 1994,
Transplantation,
M R Shalaby, and
T Espevik, and
G C Rice, and
A J Ammann, and
I S Figari, and
G E Ranges, and
M A Palladino
November 1990,
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,
M R Shalaby, and
T Espevik, and
G C Rice, and
A J Ammann, and
I S Figari, and
G E Ranges, and
M A Palladino
June 1979,
Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine,
M R Shalaby, and
T Espevik, and
G C Rice, and
A J Ammann, and
I S Figari, and
G E Ranges, and
M A Palladino
February 1988,
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950),
M R Shalaby, and
T Espevik, and
G C Rice, and
A J Ammann, and
I S Figari, and
G E Ranges, and
M A Palladino
February 1993,
Transplantation proceedings,
M R Shalaby, and
T Espevik, and
G C Rice, and
A J Ammann, and
I S Figari, and
G E Ranges, and
M A Palladino
July 1970,
The New Zealand medical journal,
M R Shalaby, and
T Espevik, and
G C Rice, and
A J Ammann, and
I S Figari, and
G E Ranges, and
M A Palladino
January 1995,
Advances in nephrology from the Necker Hospital,
