Inhibition of miR-21 ameliorates excessive astrocyte activation and promotes axon regeneration following optic nerve crush. 2018

Hong-Jiang Li, and Yuan-Bo Pan, and Zhao-Liang Sun, and Yi-Yu Sun, and Xi-Tao Yang, and Dong-Fu Feng
Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China; Institute of Traumatic Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China.

Optic nerve injury is a leading cause of irreversible visual impairment worldwide and can even cause blindness. Excessive activation of astrocytes has negative effects on the repair and recovery of retinal ganglion cells following optic nerve injury. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying astrocyte activation after optic nerve injury remain largely unknown. In the present study, we explored the effects of microRNA-21 (miR-21) on axon regeneration and flash visual evoked potential (F-VEP) and the underlying mechanisms of these effects based on astrocyte activation in the rat model of optic nerve crush (ONC). To the best of our knowledge, this article is the first to report that inhibition of miR-21 enhances axonal regeneration and promotes functional recovery in F-VEP in the rat model of ONC. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-21 attenuates excessive astrocyte activation and glial scar formation, thereby promoting axonal regeneration by regulating the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway. In addition, we observed that the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3, a target gene of miR-21, was inhibited during this process. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that inhibition of miR-21 regulates the EGFR pathway, ameliorating excessive astrocyte activation and glial scar progression and promoting axonal regeneration and alleviating impairment in F-VEP function in a model of ONC. This study's results suggest that miR-21 may represent a therapeutic target for optic nerve injury.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D009416 Nerve Regeneration Renewal or physiological repair of damaged nerve tissue. Nerve Tissue Regeneration,Nervous Tissue Regeneration,Neural Tissue Regeneration,Nerve Tissue Regenerations,Nervous Tissue Regenerations,Neural Tissue Regenerations,Regeneration, Nerve,Regeneration, Nerve Tissue,Regeneration, Nervous Tissue,Regeneration, Neural Tissue,Tissue Regeneration, Nerve,Tissue Regeneration, Nervous,Tissue Regeneration, Neural
D009900 Optic Nerve The 2nd cranial nerve which conveys visual information from the RETINA to the brain. The nerve carries the axons of the RETINAL GANGLION CELLS which sort at the OPTIC CHIASM and continue via the OPTIC TRACTS to the brain. The largest projection is to the lateral geniculate nuclei; other targets include the SUPERIOR COLLICULI and the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEI. Though known as the second cranial nerve, it is considered part of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Cranial Nerve II,Second Cranial Nerve,Nervus Opticus,Cranial Nerve, Second,Cranial Nerves, Second,Nerve, Optic,Nerve, Second Cranial,Nerves, Optic,Nerves, Second Cranial,Optic Nerves,Second Cranial Nerves
D011897 Random Allocation A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects. Randomization,Allocation, Random
D002478 Cells, Cultured Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others. Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D002921 Cicatrix The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. Scars,Cicatrization,Scar,Scarring
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D005074 Evoked Potentials, Visual The electric response evoked in the cerebral cortex by visual stimulation or stimulation of the visual pathways. Visual Evoked Response,Evoked Potential, Visual,Evoked Response, Visual,Evoked Responses, Visual,Potential, Visual Evoked,Potentials, Visual Evoked,Response, Visual Evoked,Responses, Visual Evoked,Visual Evoked Potential,Visual Evoked Potentials,Visual Evoked Responses
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001253 Astrocytes A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from "star" cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with "end feet" which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and "reactive astrocytes" (along with MICROGLIA) respond to injury. Astroglia,Astroglia Cells,Astroglial Cells,Astrocyte,Astroglia Cell,Astroglial Cell,Astroglias,Cell, Astroglia,Cell, Astroglial

Related Publications

Hong-Jiang Li, and Yuan-Bo Pan, and Zhao-Liang Sun, and Yi-Yu Sun, and Xi-Tao Yang, and Dong-Fu Feng
January 2024, Neuropharmacology,
Hong-Jiang Li, and Yuan-Bo Pan, and Zhao-Liang Sun, and Yi-Yu Sun, and Xi-Tao Yang, and Dong-Fu Feng
January 2016, International journal of ophthalmology,
Hong-Jiang Li, and Yuan-Bo Pan, and Zhao-Liang Sun, and Yi-Yu Sun, and Xi-Tao Yang, and Dong-Fu Feng
June 2022, Data in brief,
Hong-Jiang Li, and Yuan-Bo Pan, and Zhao-Liang Sun, and Yi-Yu Sun, and Xi-Tao Yang, and Dong-Fu Feng
February 2015, Cell death & disease,
Hong-Jiang Li, and Yuan-Bo Pan, and Zhao-Liang Sun, and Yi-Yu Sun, and Xi-Tao Yang, and Dong-Fu Feng
February 2004, Brain research bulletin,
Hong-Jiang Li, and Yuan-Bo Pan, and Zhao-Liang Sun, and Yi-Yu Sun, and Xi-Tao Yang, and Dong-Fu Feng
January 2017, Current neuropharmacology,
Hong-Jiang Li, and Yuan-Bo Pan, and Zhao-Liang Sun, and Yi-Yu Sun, and Xi-Tao Yang, and Dong-Fu Feng
October 2020, Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology,
Hong-Jiang Li, and Yuan-Bo Pan, and Zhao-Liang Sun, and Yi-Yu Sun, and Xi-Tao Yang, and Dong-Fu Feng
November 2012, Neuropharmacology,
Hong-Jiang Li, and Yuan-Bo Pan, and Zhao-Liang Sun, and Yi-Yu Sun, and Xi-Tao Yang, and Dong-Fu Feng
January 2022, Brain communications,
Hong-Jiang Li, and Yuan-Bo Pan, and Zhao-Liang Sun, and Yi-Yu Sun, and Xi-Tao Yang, and Dong-Fu Feng
September 2003, Journal of neurotrauma,
Copied contents to your clipboard!