BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

L-glutamate: a key amino acid for senory and metabolic functions. 2016

Sonia Luz Albarracin, and Manuel E Baldeon, and Elba Sangronis, and Alexandra Cucufate Petruschina, and Felix G R Reyes

Glutamic acid or its ionic form L-glutamate (GLU) is one of the most abundant amino acids in nature and it plays important functions at the cellular and systemic levels. For instance, in the intestine and liver, GLU is a source of energy and is the precursor of key biological molecules. At the central nervous system of mammals, GLU acts as an excitatory neurotrausmitter due to the interaction with specific receptors. In addition, GLU has been related with short- and long-term potentiation, memory and the learning. Furthermore, consumption of GLU or its monosodium salt (monosodium glutamate, MSG) as a food additive is responsible for the umami taste. The consumption of MSG has been considered safe for different agencies responsible for the evaluation of the safe use of food additives, which have establish an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) "not specified", or classified as Generally Recognized Safe Substance (GRAS). This review focuses on important metabolic aspects of GLU and its role in food tasting and MSG safety.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008099 Liver A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances. Livers
D002490 Central Nervous System The main information-processing organs of the nervous system, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. Cerebrospinal Axis,Axi, Cerebrospinal,Axis, Cerebrospinal,Central Nervous Systems,Cerebrospinal Axi,Nervous System, Central,Nervous Systems, Central,Systems, Central Nervous
D003106 Colon The segment of LARGE INTESTINE between the CECUM and the RECTUM. It includes the ASCENDING COLON; the TRANSVERSE COLON; the DESCENDING COLON; and the SIGMOID COLON. Appendix Epiploica,Taenia Coli,Omental Appendices,Omental Appendix,Appendices, Omental,Appendix, Omental
D005502 Food Substances taken in by the body to provide nourishment. Foods
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013649 Taste The ability to detect chemicals through gustatory receptors in the mouth, including those on the TONGUE; the PALATE; the PHARYNX; and the EPIGLOTTIS. Gustation,Taste Sense,Gustations,Sense, Taste,Senses, Taste,Taste Senses,Tastes
D058468 Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate A class of ligand-gated ion channel receptors that have specificity for GLUTAMATE. They are distinct from METABOTROPIC GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS which act through a G-protein-coupled mechanism. Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor,Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors,Glutamate Receptor, Ionotropic,Glutamate Receptors, Ionotropic,Receptor, Ionotropic Glutamate
D018094 Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate Cell surface proteins that bind glutamate and act through G-proteins to influence second messenger systems. Several types of metabotropic glutamate receptors have been cloned. They differ in pharmacology, distribution, and mechanisms of action. Glutamate Receptors, Metabotropic,Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors,Receptors, Glutamate, Metabotropic,Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor,Glutamate Receptor, Metabotropic,Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate
D018698 Glutamic Acid A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Aluminum L-Glutamate,Glutamate,Potassium Glutamate,D-Glutamate,Glutamic Acid, (D)-Isomer,L-Glutamate,L-Glutamic Acid,Aluminum L Glutamate,D Glutamate,Glutamate, Potassium,L Glutamate,L Glutamic Acid,L-Glutamate, Aluminum

Related Publications

Sonia Luz Albarracin, and Manuel E Baldeon, and Elba Sangronis, and Alexandra Cucufate Petruschina, and Felix G R Reyes
L-Glutamate-L-amino acid transaminases.
January 1985, Methods in enzymology,
Sonia Luz Albarracin, and Manuel E Baldeon, and Elba Sangronis, and Alexandra Cucufate Petruschina, and Felix G R Reyes
Comparison of L-monosodium glutamate and L-amino acid taste in rats.
August 2007, Neuroscience,
Sonia Luz Albarracin, and Manuel E Baldeon, and Elba Sangronis, and Alexandra Cucufate Petruschina, and Felix G R Reyes
Molecular cloning and amino acid sequence of brain L-glutamate decarboxylase.
November 1990, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,
Sonia Luz Albarracin, and Manuel E Baldeon, and Elba Sangronis, and Alexandra Cucufate Petruschina, and Felix G R Reyes
Amino Acid Residues Recognizing Isomeric Glutamate Substrates in UDP- N-acetylmuramic acid-l-alanine-glutamate Synthetases.
May 2019, ACS chemical biology,
Sonia Luz Albarracin, and Manuel E Baldeon, and Elba Sangronis, and Alexandra Cucufate Petruschina, and Felix G R Reyes
Free amino acid production during tomato fruit ripening: a focus on L-glutamate.
May 2010, Amino acids,
Sonia Luz Albarracin, and Manuel E Baldeon, and Elba Sangronis, and Alexandra Cucufate Petruschina, and Felix G R Reyes
Glutamate: a truly functional amino acid.
September 2013, Amino acids,
Sonia Luz Albarracin, and Manuel E Baldeon, and Elba Sangronis, and Alexandra Cucufate Petruschina, and Felix G R Reyes
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) is crucial for brain development and motor functions.
January 2013, PloS one,
Sonia Luz Albarracin, and Manuel E Baldeon, and Elba Sangronis, and Alexandra Cucufate Petruschina, and Felix G R Reyes
L-arginine: a unique amino acid for restoring the depressed macrophage functions after trauma-hemorrhage.
January 1999, The Journal of trauma,
Sonia Luz Albarracin, and Manuel E Baldeon, and Elba Sangronis, and Alexandra Cucufate Petruschina, and Felix G R Reyes
Targeting Amino Acid Metabolic Reprogramming via L-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1 (LAT1) for Endocrine-Resistant Breast Cancer.
August 2021, Cancers,
Sonia Luz Albarracin, and Manuel E Baldeon, and Elba Sangronis, and Alexandra Cucufate Petruschina, and Felix G R Reyes
Specificity and spectral resolution of an L-glutamate dehydrogenase-monocarboxylic amino acid complex.
June 1972, Biochemistry,
Copied contents to your clipboard!