Biomaterial Database

[Control of the cell division cycle and sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by the cyclic AMP system]. 1985

M Jacquet, and J Camonis

This paper reviews recent data on the adenylate cyclase system of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Since the discovery of yeast adenylate cyclase mutants and the possibility of molecular biological analysis, adenylate cyclase and the subsequent steps in the cAMP cascade have become subject of intense investigation. CYR1, the structural gene for the adenylate cyclase catalytic subunit is necessary for cell division and in diploid cells is involved in the choice between sporulation and cell division. The cell division cycle in yeast is initiated by a step called START, which has been defined by mutations causing an arrest of the cells in an unbudded state. One class of mutation causes the cell to arrest at the same stage of the cell division cycle as the pheromone implicated in conjugation. A second class causes cells to cease growth in a different manner, but one which is similar to the arrest brought about by nutient deprivation. The adenylate cyclase gene belongs to the second class and has been identified as CDC35. Two genes of the first class have been cloned and sequenced. CDC28 codes for a kinase which has homology with the src proto-oncogene family. CDC36 is partly homologous with the oncogene ets. Two genes related to the ras oncogene family have also been implicated in the control of START. START can be dissociated in two subsequent phases, the first being controlled by the AMPc system and the second including proto-oncogenes. A model in which cAMP is a positive indicator of available nutrients such as nitrogen has been constructed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009154	Mutation	Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.	Mutations
D009857	Oncogenes	Genes whose gain-of-function alterations lead to NEOPLASTIC CELL TRANSFORMATION. They include, for example, genes for activators or stimulators of CELL PROLIFERATION such as growth factors, growth factor receptors, protein kinases, signal transducers, nuclear phosphoproteins, and transcription factors. A prefix of "v-" before oncogene symbols indicates oncogenes captured and transmitted by RETROVIRUSES; the prefix "c-" before the gene symbol of an oncogene indicates it is the cellular homolog (PROTO-ONCOGENES) of a v-oncogene.	Transforming Genes,Oncogene,Transforming Gene,Gene, Transforming,Genes, Transforming
D010641	Phenotype	The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.	Phenotypes
D010675	Pheromones	Chemical substances, excreted by an organism into the environment, that elicit behavioral or physiological responses from other organisms of the same species. Perception of these chemical signals may be olfactory or by contact.	Allelochemical,Allelochemicals,Allomone,Allomones,Ectohormones,Kairomone,Kairomones,Pheromone,Semiochemical,Semiochemicals,Synomones
D011494	Protein Kinases	A family of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of ATP and a protein to ADP and a phosphoprotein.	Protein Kinase,Kinase, Protein,Kinases, Protein
D002455	Cell Division	The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.	M Phase,Cell Division Phase,Cell Divisions,Division Phase, Cell,Division, Cell,Divisions, Cell,M Phases,Phase, Cell Division,Phase, M,Phases, M
D003001	Cloning, Molecular	The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.	Molecular Cloning
D005796	Genes	A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.	Cistron,Gene,Genetic Materials,Cistrons,Genetic Material,Material, Genetic,Materials, Genetic
D005800	Genes, Fungal	The functional hereditary units of FUNGI.	Fungal Genes,Fungal Gene,Gene, Fungal
D006160	Guanosine Triphosphate	Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	GTP,Triphosphate, Guanosine