| D008928 |
Mitochondria |
Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed) |
Mitochondrial Contraction,Mitochondrion,Contraction, Mitochondrial,Contractions, Mitochondrial,Mitochondrial Contractions |
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| D009369 |
Neoplasms |
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. |
Benign Neoplasm,Cancer,Malignant Neoplasm,Tumor,Tumors,Benign Neoplasms,Malignancy,Malignant Neoplasms,Neoplasia,Neoplasm,Neoplasms, Benign,Cancers,Malignancies,Neoplasias,Neoplasm, Benign,Neoplasm, Malignant,Neoplasms, Malignant |
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| D009711 |
Nucleotides |
The monomeric units from which DNA or RNA polymers are constructed. They consist of a purine or pyrimidine base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed) |
Nucleotide |
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| D010085 |
Oxidative Phosphorylation |
Electron transfer through the cytochrome system liberating free energy which is transformed into high-energy phosphate bonds. |
Phosphorylation, Oxidative,Oxidative Phosphorylations,Phosphorylations, Oxidative |
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| D004734 |
Energy Metabolism |
The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells. |
Bioenergetics,Energy Expenditure,Bioenergetic,Energy Expenditures,Energy Metabolisms,Expenditure, Energy,Expenditures, Energy,Metabolism, Energy,Metabolisms, Energy |
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| D006019 |
Glycolysis |
A metabolic process that converts GLUCOSE into two molecules of PYRUVIC ACID through a series of enzymatic reactions. Energy generated by this process is conserved in two molecules of ATP. Glycolysis is the universal catabolic pathway for glucose, free glucose, or glucose derived from complex CARBOHYDRATES, such as GLYCOGEN and STARCH. |
Embden-Meyerhof Pathway,Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas Pathway,Embden Meyerhof Parnas Pathway,Embden Meyerhof Pathway,Embden-Meyerhof Pathways,Pathway, Embden-Meyerhof,Pathway, Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas,Pathways, Embden-Meyerhof |
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| D006801 |
Humans |
Members of the species Homo sapiens. |
Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man |
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| D000818 |
Animals |
Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. |
Animal,Metazoa,Animalia |
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| D014408 |
Biomarkers, Tumor |
Molecular products metabolized and secreted by neoplastic tissue and characterized biochemically in cells or BODY FLUIDS. They are indicators of tumor stage and grade as well as useful for monitoring responses to treatment and predicting recurrence. Many chemical groups are represented including HORMONES; ANTIGENS; amino and NUCLEIC ACIDS; ENZYMES; POLYAMINES; and specific CELL MEMBRANE PROTEINS and LIPIDS. |
Biochemical Tumor Marker,Cancer Biomarker,Carcinogen Markers,Markers, Tumor,Metabolite Markers, Neoplasm,Tumor Biomarker,Tumor Marker,Tumor Markers, Biochemical,Tumor Markers, Biological,Biochemical Tumor Markers,Biological Tumor Marker,Biological Tumor Markers,Biomarkers, Cancer,Marker, Biochemical Tumor,Marker, Biologic Tumor,Marker, Biological Tumor,Marker, Neoplasm Metabolite,Marker, Tumor Metabolite,Markers, Biochemical Tumor,Markers, Biological Tumor,Markers, Neoplasm Metabolite,Markers, Tumor Metabolite,Metabolite Markers, Tumor,Neoplasm Metabolite Markers,Tumor Markers, Biologic,Tumor Metabolite Marker,Biologic Tumor Marker,Biologic Tumor Markers,Biomarker, Cancer,Biomarker, Tumor,Cancer Biomarkers,Marker, Tumor,Markers, Biologic Tumor,Markers, Carcinogen,Metabolite Marker, Neoplasm,Metabolite Marker, Tumor,Neoplasm Metabolite Marker,Tumor Biomarkers,Tumor Marker, Biochemical,Tumor Marker, Biologic,Tumor Marker, Biological,Tumor Markers,Tumor Metabolite Markers |
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| D015470 |
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute |
Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. |
Leukemia, Myelogenous, Acute,Leukemia, Nonlymphocytic, Acute,Myeloid Leukemia, Acute,Nonlymphocytic Leukemia, Acute,ANLL,Acute Myelogenous Leukemia,Acute Myeloid Leukemia,Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation,Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation,Leukemia, Acute Myelogenous,Leukemia, Acute Myeloid,Leukemia, Myeloblastic, Acute,Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute,Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, M1,Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, M2,Leukemia, Nonlymphoblastic, Acute,Myeloblastic Leukemia, Acute,Myelocytic Leukemia, Acute,Myelogenous Leukemia, Acute,Myeloid Leukemia, Acute, M1,Myeloid Leukemia, Acute, M2,Nonlymphoblastic Leukemia, Acute,Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia,Acute Myeloblastic Leukemias,Acute Myelocytic Leukemia,Acute Myelocytic Leukemias,Acute Myelogenous Leukemias,Acute Myeloid Leukemias,Acute Nonlymphoblastic Leukemia,Acute Nonlymphoblastic Leukemias,Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia,Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemias,Leukemia, Acute Myeloblastic,Leukemia, Acute Myelocytic,Leukemia, Acute Nonlymphoblastic,Leukemia, Acute Nonlymphocytic,Leukemias, Acute Myeloblastic,Leukemias, Acute Myelocytic,Leukemias, Acute Myelogenous,Leukemias, Acute Myeloid,Leukemias, Acute Nonlymphoblastic,Leukemias, Acute Nonlymphocytic,Myeloblastic Leukemias, Acute,Myelocytic Leukemias, Acute,Myelogenous Leukemias, Acute,Myeloid Leukemias, Acute,Nonlymphoblastic Leukemias, Acute,Nonlymphocytic Leukemias, Acute |
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