Biomaterial Database

Pain in optic neuropathies. 2018

Stefania Bianchi Marzoli, and Alessandra Criscuoli

Neuro-ophthalmology and Ocular Electrophysiology Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Scientific Institute Capitanio Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano Foundation, Via Mercalli, 28, 20122, Milan, Italy. s.bianchimarzoli@auxologico.it.

Pain occurs with optic neuropathies associated with inflammatory central nervous system diseases (MS and NMO), idiopathic intracranial hypertension and spontaneous hypotension, giant cell arteritis, immunomediated systemic diseases, compressive lesions, or infective disorders. Pain can precede the onset of visual loss in acute optic neuritis, it can be irradiated to the orbital region in giant cell arteritis and parasellar compressive optic neuropathies, or it may be located to the back of the eye with posterior scleritis. History of symptoms together with complete neuro-ophthalmological examination must guide the differential diagnosis and neuroimaging. Painful visual loss due to different pathophysiological mechanisms requires specific treatment and prognosis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009902	Optic Neuritis	Inflammation of the optic nerve. Commonly associated conditions include autoimmune disorders such as MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, infections, and granulomatous diseases. Clinical features include retro-orbital pain that is aggravated by eye movement, loss of color vision, and contrast sensitivity that may progress to severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect (Marcus-Gunn pupil), and in some instances optic disc hyperemia and swelling. Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior optic neuritis).	Neuropapillitis,Retrobulbar Neuritis,Anterior Optic Neuritis,Posterior Optic Neuritis,Anterior Optic Neuritides,Neuritides, Anterior Optic,Neuritides, Optic,Neuritides, Posterior Optic,Neuritides, Retrobulbar,Neuritis, Anterior Optic,Neuritis, Optic,Neuritis, Posterior Optic,Neuritis, Retrobulbar,Neuropapillitides,Optic Neuritides,Optic Neuritides, Anterior,Optic Neuritides, Posterior,Optic Neuritis, Anterior,Optic Neuritis, Posterior,Posterior Optic Neuritides,Retrobulbar Neuritides
D010146	Pain	An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.	Suffering, Physical,Ache,Pain, Burning,Pain, Crushing,Pain, Migratory,Pain, Radiating,Pain, Splitting,Aches,Burning Pain,Burning Pains,Crushing Pain,Crushing Pains,Migratory Pain,Migratory Pains,Pains, Burning,Pains, Crushing,Pains, Migratory,Pains, Radiating,Pains, Splitting,Physical Suffering,Physical Sufferings,Radiating Pain,Radiating Pains,Splitting Pain,Splitting Pains,Sufferings, Physical
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D059408	Pain Management	A form of therapy that employs a coordinated and interdisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of those experiencing pain.	Management, Pain,Managements, Pain,Pain Managements