Increased affinity and selectivity of enkephalin tripeptide (Tyr-D-Ala-Gly) dimers. 1985

R A Lutz, and R A Cruciani, and Y Shimohigashi, and T Costa, and S Kassis, and P J Munson, and D Rodbard

The binding of alkylendiamide dimers of the three N-terminal residues of [D-Ala2,D-Leu5]enkephalin (DADL) to rat brain and Ng108-15 neuroblastoma-glioma cell membranes was compared with that of DADL, Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-NMe-Phe-Gly-ol (DAGO) and morphiceptin. Tritiated DADL and DAGO were used as labeled ligands for delta- and mu-receptors, respectively. Dimerization of the tripeptides resulted in dramatic increases in both mu and delta binding. The binding to mu-receptors showed two peaks at an alkyl chain length of n = 2 and approximately n = 16. In contrast, delta binding (NG108-15 cells) increased steadily with increasing chain length. The dimers with n less than 18 were mu-preferential, and the one with n = 2 showed the most dramatic increase in mu selectivity with a 400 fold higher affinity to mu- than to delta-receptors. For long-chain alkyl spacers the compounds became delta selective.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D009842 Oligopeptides Peptides composed of between two and twelve amino acids. Oligopeptide
D011919 Rats, Inbred Strains Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding. August Rats,Inbred Rat Strains,Inbred Strain of Rat,Inbred Strain of Rats,Inbred Strains of Rats,Rat, Inbred Strain,August Rat,Inbred Rat Strain,Inbred Strain Rat,Inbred Strain Rats,Inbred Strains Rat,Inbred Strains Rats,Rat Inbred Strain,Rat Inbred Strains,Rat Strain, Inbred,Rat Strains, Inbred,Rat, August,Rat, Inbred Strains,Rats Inbred Strain,Rats Inbred Strains,Rats, August,Rats, Inbred Strain,Strain Rat, Inbred,Strain Rats, Inbred,Strain, Inbred Rat,Strains, Inbred Rat
D011957 Receptors, Opioid Cell membrane proteins that bind opioids and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behavior of cells. The endogenous ligands for opioid receptors in mammals include three families of peptides, the enkephalins, endorphins, and dynorphins. The receptor classes include mu, delta, and kappa receptors. Sigma receptors bind several psychoactive substances, including certain opioids, but their endogenous ligands are not known. Endorphin Receptors,Enkephalin Receptors,Narcotic Receptors,Opioid Receptors,Receptors, Endorphin,Receptors, Enkephalin,Receptors, Narcotic,Receptors, Opiate,Endorphin Receptor,Enkephalin Receptor,Normorphine Receptors,Opiate Receptor,Opiate Receptors,Opioid Receptor,Receptors, Normorphine,Receptors, beta-Endorphin,beta-Endorphin Receptor,Receptor, Endorphin,Receptor, Enkephalin,Receptor, Opiate,Receptor, Opioid,Receptor, beta-Endorphin,Receptors, beta Endorphin,beta Endorphin Receptor,beta-Endorphin Receptors
D001921 Brain The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM. Encephalon
D004745 Enkephalins One of the three major families of endogenous opioid peptides. The enkephalins are pentapeptides that are widespread in the central and peripheral nervous systems and in the adrenal medulla. Enkephalin
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D017450 Receptors, Opioid, mu A class of opioid receptors recognized by its pharmacological profile. Mu opioid receptors bind, in decreasing order of affinity, endorphins, dynorphins, met-enkephalin, and leu-enkephalin. They have also been shown to be molecular receptors for morphine. Morphine Receptors,Opioid Receptors, mu,Receptors, Morphine,Receptors, mu,Receptors, mu Opioid,mu Receptors,Morphine Receptor,mu Opioid Receptor,mu Receptor,Opioid Receptor, mu,Receptor, Morphine,Receptor, mu,Receptor, mu Opioid,mu Opioid Receptors
D017465 Receptors, Opioid, delta A class of opioid receptors recognized by its pharmacological profile. Delta opioid receptors bind endorphins and enkephalins with approximately equal affinity and have less affinity for dynorphins. Opioid Receptors, delta,Receptors, delta,Receptors, delta Opioid,delta Receptors,delta Opioid Receptor,delta Receptor,Opioid Receptor, delta,Receptor, delta,Receptor, delta Opioid,delta Opioid Receptors
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus

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