Biomaterial Database

Cellular receptor for 125I-labeled tumor necrosis factor: specific binding, affinity labeling, and relationship to sensitivity. 1985

F C Kull, and S Jacobs, and P Cuatrecasas

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a proteinaceous toxin shed by stimulated myeloid cells. Murine TNF was radioiodinated to a specific activity of 1 mCi/nmol (1 Ci = 37 GBq) of monomer. 125I-labeled TNF (125I-TNF) retained complete cytotoxic activity and it was immunochemically identical to the native toxin in a quantitative immunoprecipitation assay. It could be shown by competition binding that 125I-TNF bound to intact L929 cells with a specificity equal to that of native toxin. The conditions of time, temperature, and concentration involved in equilibrium specific binding to intact cells were studied in detail. When binding was carried out at 4 degrees C for 18 hr, four cell lines sensitive to 125I-TNF cytotoxicity demonstrated high-affinity binding. The binding reached half-maximal level at 3 pM and saturated at 30 pM. These concentrations approximated those required for cell death. Scatchard analysis gave approximately 1000 sites per cell. J774.1 cells, the source of the toxin, demonstrated similar binding but were not sensitive to 125I-TNF cytotoxicity. Other sensitive cell lines and freshly extracted tumor cells showed specific binding at 3 pM. Normal lymphoid organ cell suspensions and two human tumorigenic cell lines were not sensitive and failed to demonstrate specific binding. 125I-TNF, covalently cross-linked to its receptor on sensitive L-M cells with disuccinimidyl suberate, was isolated and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. Two specific bands were identified. The most prominent band had a mobility corresponding to a molecular mass of 95 kDa and the second band had a molecular mass of 75 kDa. The presence of the binding site appears to be necessary but not sufficient to explain the sensitivity of cells to the cytotoxic action of TNF.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008024	Ligands	A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	Ligand
D011956	Receptors, Cell Surface	Cell surface proteins that bind signalling molecules external to the cell with high affinity and convert this extracellular event into one or more intracellular signals that alter the behavior of the target cell (From Alberts, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2nd ed, pp693-5). Cell surface receptors, unlike enzymes, do not chemically alter their ligands.	Cell Surface Receptor,Cell Surface Receptors,Hormone Receptors, Cell Surface,Receptors, Endogenous Substances,Cell Surface Hormone Receptors,Endogenous Substances Receptors,Receptor, Cell Surface,Surface Receptor, Cell
D002460	Cell Line	Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.	Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D003432	Cross-Linking Reagents	Reagents with two reactive groups, usually at opposite ends of the molecule, that are capable of reacting with and thereby forming bridges between side chains of amino acids in proteins; the locations of naturally reactive areas within proteins can thereby be identified; may also be used for other macromolecules, like glycoproteins, nucleic acids, or other.	Bifunctional Reagent,Bifunctional Reagents,Cross Linking Reagent,Crosslinking Reagent,Cross Linking Reagents,Crosslinking Reagents,Linking Reagent, Cross,Linking Reagents, Cross,Reagent, Bifunctional,Reagent, Cross Linking,Reagent, Crosslinking,Reagents, Bifunctional,Reagents, Cross Linking,Reagents, Cross-Linking,Reagents, Crosslinking
D006023	Glycoproteins	Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including MUCINS; mucoid, and AMYLOID glycoproteins.	C-Glycosylated Proteins,Glycosylated Protein,Glycosylated Proteins,N-Glycosylated Proteins,O-Glycosylated Proteins,Glycoprotein,Neoglycoproteins,Protein, Glycosylated,Proteins, C-Glycosylated,Proteins, Glycosylated,Proteins, N-Glycosylated,Proteins, O-Glycosylated
D006131	Growth Inhibitors	Endogenous or exogenous substances which inhibit the normal growth of human and animal cells or micro-organisms, as distinguished from those affecting plant growth (	Cell Growth Inhibitor,Cell Growth Inhibitors,Growth Inhibitor,Growth Inhibitor, Cell,Growth Inhibitors, Cell,Inhibitor, Cell Growth,Inhibitor, Growth,Inhibitors, Cell Growth,Inhibitors, Growth
D000345	Affinity Labels	Analogs of those substrates or compounds which bind naturally at the active sites of proteins, enzymes, antibodies, steroids, or physiological receptors. These analogs form a stable covalent bond at the binding site, thereby acting as inhibitors of the proteins or steroids.	Affinity Labeling Reagents,Labeling Reagents, Affinity,Labels, Affinity,Reagents, Affinity Labeling
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001667	Binding, Competitive	The interaction of two or more substrates or ligands with the same binding site. The displacement of one by the other is used in quantitative and selective affinity measurements.	Competitive Binding
D014409	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha	Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.	Cachectin,TNF-alpha,Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 2,Cachectin-Tumor Necrosis Factor,TNF Superfamily, Member 2,TNFalpha,Tumor Necrosis Factor,Cachectin Tumor Necrosis Factor,Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha