Biomaterial Database

Examining the relationship and clinical management between traumatic brain injury and pain in military and civilian populations. 2018

Melissa L Mehalick, and Amanda C Glueck

a Department of Neurotrauma, Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate , Naval Medical Research Center , Silver Spring , MD, USA.

In this review, we discuss the comorbidity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and pain among civilians and military members, the common causes of pain resulting from TBI, and offer insight about the therapeutic management of TBI symptoms and pain. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a debilitating health problem and one of the most common post-TBI symptoms is pain, which can contribute to psychological issues such as Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Headache pain appears to be the most common type of pain that results from TBI, yet pain can also be more widespread. Managing TBI symptoms and pain simultaneously is difficult because extensive randomized control and clinical studies assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic approaches are lacking. Pharmacological agents such as antidepressants and Triptans and nonpharmacological therapies such as cognitive rehabilitation and physical therapies are commonly used yet it is unknown how effective these therapies are in the long-term. A combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies is often more effective for managing TBI symptoms and pain than either treatment alone. However, future research is needed to determine the most therapeutic approaches for managing the comorbidity of pain and TBI symptoms in the long term. This review offers suggestions for such future studies.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008279	Magnetic Resonance Imaging	Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.	Chemical Shift Imaging,MR Tomography,MRI Scans,MRI, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Image,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional,Magnetization Transfer Contrast Imaging,NMR Imaging,NMR Tomography,Tomography, NMR,Tomography, Proton Spin,fMRI,Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Imaging, Chemical Shift,Proton Spin Tomography,Spin Echo Imaging,Steady-State Free Precession MRI,Tomography, MR,Zeugmatography,Chemical Shift Imagings,Echo Imaging, Spin,Echo Imagings, Spin,Functional MRI,Functional MRIs,Image, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, NMR,Imaging, Spin Echo,Imagings, Chemical Shift,Imagings, Spin Echo,MRI Scan,MRIs, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Images,Resonance Image, Magnetic,Scan, MRI,Scans, MRI,Shift Imaging, Chemical,Shift Imagings, Chemical,Spin Echo Imagings,Steady State Free Precession MRI
D008889	Military Personnel	Persons including soldiers involved with the armed forces.	Air Force Personnel,Armed Forces Personnel,Army Personnel,Coast Guard,Marines,Navy Personnel,Sailors,Soldiers,Submariners,Military,Force Personnel, Air,Personnel, Air Force,Personnel, Armed Forces,Personnel, Army,Personnel, Military,Personnel, Navy,Sailor,Soldier,Submariner
D010146	Pain	An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.	Suffering, Physical,Ache,Pain, Burning,Pain, Crushing,Pain, Migratory,Pain, Radiating,Pain, Splitting,Aches,Burning Pain,Burning Pains,Crushing Pain,Crushing Pains,Migratory Pain,Migratory Pains,Pains, Burning,Pains, Crushing,Pains, Migratory,Pains, Radiating,Pains, Splitting,Physical Suffering,Physical Sufferings,Radiating Pain,Radiating Pains,Splitting Pain,Splitting Pains,Sufferings, Physical
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000070642	Brain Injuries, Traumatic	A form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain.	Trauma, Brain,Traumatic Brain Injury,Encephalopathy, Traumatic,Injury, Brain, Traumatic,TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury),TBIs (Traumatic Brain Injuries),Traumatic Encephalopathy,Brain Injury, Traumatic,Brain Trauma,Brain Traumas,Encephalopathies, Traumatic,TBI (Traumatic Brain Injuries),Traumas, Brain,Traumatic Brain Injuries,Traumatic Encephalopathies
D019468	Disease Management	A broad approach to appropriate coordination of the entire disease treatment process that often involves shifting away from more expensive inpatient and acute care to areas such as preventive medicine, patient counseling and education, and outpatient care. This concept includes implications of appropriate versus inappropriate therapy on the overall cost and clinical outcome of a particular disease. (From Hosp Pharm 1995 Jul;30(7):596)	Disease Managements,Management, Disease,Managements, Disease