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Urologic Complications Following Pelvic Radiotherapy. 2018

Niyati Lobo, and Meghana Kulkarni, and Simon Hughes, and Rajesh Nair, and Muhammad Shamim Khan, and Ramesh Thurairaja
Department of Urology, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Radiotherapy is widely used as a curative treatment for pelvic malignancies. The location of these organs leads to unavoidable exposure of the bladder, urethra, and distal ureters to radiation and may cause subsequent development of radiation cystitis, fistulae, strictures, and secondary malignancy. As cancer survival improves, an ever-increasing number of patients is living with the long-term complications of radiotherapy. Symptoms are not only debilitating for the patient but also pose a treatment challenge to the urologist. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and current management strategies for the urologic complications following pelvic radiotherapy.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010386 Pelvic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the pelvic region. Cancer of Pelvis,Pelvic Cancer,Cancer of the Pelvis,Neoplasms of Pelvis,Pelvis Cancer,Pelvis Neoplasms,Cancer, Pelvic,Cancer, Pelvis,Cancers, Pelvic,Cancers, Pelvis,Neoplasm, Pelvic,Neoplasm, Pelvis,Neoplasms, Pelvic,Neoplasms, Pelvis,Pelvic Cancers,Pelvic Neoplasm,Pelvis Cancers,Pelvis Neoplasm
D011832 Radiation Injuries Harmful effects of non-experimental exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation in VERTEBRATES. Radiation Sickness,Radiation Syndrome,Injuries, Radiation,Injury, Radiation,Radiation Injury,Radiation Sicknesses,Radiation Syndromes,Sickness, Radiation,Sicknesses, Radiation,Syndrome, Radiation,Syndromes, Radiation
D001743 Urinary Bladder A musculomembranous sac along the URINARY TRACT. URINE flows from the KIDNEYS into the bladder via the ureters (URETER), and is held there until URINATION. Bladder,Bladder Detrusor Muscle,Detrusor Urinae,Bladder Detrusor Muscles,Bladder, Urinary,Detrusor Muscle, Bladder,Detrusor Muscles, Bladder
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000073116 Cancer Survivors Persons who have experienced prolonged survival with or following malignant neoplastic disease. Cancer Survivorship,Survivors of Childhood Cancer,Long-Term Cancer Survivors,Cancer Survivor,Cancer Survivor, Childhood,Cancer Survivor, Long-Term,Cancer Survivors, Childhood,Cancer Survivors, Long-Term,Childhood Cancer Survivor,Childhood Cancer Survivors,Long Term Cancer Survivors,Long-Term Cancer Survivor,Survivor, Long-Term Cancer,Survivors, Cancer,Survivors, Long-Term Cancer,Survivorship, Cancer
D014513 Ureter One of a pair of thick-walled tubes that transports urine from the KIDNEY PELVIS to the URINARY BLADDER. Ureters
D014521 Urethra A tube that transports URINE from the URINARY BLADDER to the outside of the body in both the sexes. It also has a reproductive function in the male by providing a passage for SPERM. External Urethral Sphincter,External Urinary Sphincter,Internal Urethral Sphincter,Internal Urinary Sphincter,Internal Vesical Sphincter,Urethral Sphincters,External Urethral Sphincters,External Urinary Sphincters,Internal Urethral Sphincters,Internal Urinary Sphincters,Internal Vesical Sphincters,Sphincter, External Urethral,Sphincter, External Urinary,Sphincter, Internal Urethral,Sphincter, Internal Urinary,Sphincter, Internal Vesical,Sphincter, Urethral,Urethral Sphincter,Urethral Sphincter, External,Urethras,Urinary Sphincter, External,Urinary Sphincter, Internal,Vesical Sphincter, Internal
D014570 Urologic Diseases Pathological processes of the URINARY TRACT in both males and females. Urinary Tract Diseases,Urological Diseases,Disease, Urinary Tract,Disease, Urologic,Disease, Urological,Diseases, Urinary Tract,Diseases, Urologic,Diseases, Urological,Urinary Tract Disease,Urologic Disease,Urological Disease
D058958 Organs at Risk Organs which might be damaged during exposure to a toxin or to some form of therapy. It most frequently refers to healthy organs located in the radiation field during radiation therapy. Organs at Risks,Risk, Organs at,Risks, Organs at,at Risk, Organs,at Risks, Organs

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