Optimization of total phenolic content from Terminalia chebula Retz. fruits using response surface methodology and evaluation of their antioxidant activities. 2018

Zunlai Sheng, and Jiahong Zhao, and Ishfaq Muhammad, and Ying Zhang
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.

Ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), using aqueous ethanol as the solvent, was firstly applied to extract phenolic compounds from Terminalia chebula Retz. fruits (T. chebula fruits). In this study, ethanol concentration (%), ultrasonic intensity (W/cm2), particle diameter (mm), extraction temperature (°C), ultrasonic time (min), liquid-solid ratio (mL/g) and extraction cycle were investigated by single-factor experiment and then optimized using a Box-Behnken design. The optimized result for UAE was 68% ethanol concentration, ultrasonic intensity of 3.6 W/cm2, solid-liquid ratio of 23 mg/mL, particle size of 0.18 mm and ultrasonic time of 20 min for 2 times at 70 °C. The yield of total phenolic was 448.7 ± 2.15 mg GAE/g DW under the above optimum conditions, which agreed with the predicted value (447.8 mg GAE/g DW). Compared to conventional solvent extraction (CSE), UAE extracts showed excellent DPPH radical, DPPH, ABTS scavenging activities and reducing power in a dose-dependent manner, and better than that of CSE extracts. Additionally, the extract of the T. chebula fruits was analyzed by HPLC-ESI/MS. In summary, UAE could effectively extract phenolic compounds from T. chebula fruits. In addition, the extract could be used as a potential source of natural antioxidants.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010636 Phenols Benzene derivatives that include one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the ring structure.
D010936 Plant Extracts Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard. Herbal Medicines,Plant Extract,Extract, Plant,Extracts, Plant,Medicines, Herbal
D004353 Drug Evaluation, Preclinical Preclinical testing of drugs in experimental animals or in vitro for their biological and toxic effects and potential clinical applications. Drug Screening,Evaluation Studies, Drug, Pre-Clinical,Drug Evaluation Studies, Preclinical,Drug Evaluations, Preclinical,Evaluation Studies, Drug, Preclinical,Evaluation, Preclinical Drug,Evaluations, Preclinical Drug,Medicinal Plants Testing, Preclinical,Preclinical Drug Evaluation,Preclinical Drug Evaluations,Drug Screenings,Screening, Drug,Screenings, Drug
D005638 Fruit The fleshy or dry ripened ovary of a plant, enclosing the seed or seeds. Berries,Legume Pod,Plant Aril,Plant Capsule,Aril, Plant,Arils, Plant,Berry,Capsule, Plant,Capsules, Plant,Fruits,Legume Pods,Plant Arils,Plant Capsules,Pod, Legume,Pods, Legume
D000069453 Ultrasonic Waves Oscillating sound wave with a frequency higher than the upper limit of the human hearing range. LIPUS,Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound,Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Radiation,Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS),Pulsed Ultrasound,Ultrasonic Vibration,Ultrasound Radiation,Ultrasound Waves,Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS),Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasounds (LIPUS),Pulsed Ultrasound, Low-Intensity (LIPUS),Pulsed Ultrasounds,Pulsed Ultrasounds, Low-Intensity (LIPUS),Radiation, Ultrasound,Ultrasonic Vibrations,Ultrasonic Wave,Ultrasound Wave,Ultrasound, Low-Intensity Pulsed (LIPUS),Ultrasound, Pulsed,Ultrasounds, Low-Intensity Pulsed (LIPUS),Ultrasounds, Pulsed,Vibration, Ultrasonic,Vibrations, Ultrasonic,Wave, Ultrasonic,Wave, Ultrasound,Waves, Ultrasonic,Waves, Ultrasound
D000431 Ethanol A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES. Alcohol, Ethyl,Absolute Alcohol,Grain Alcohol,Alcohol, Absolute,Alcohol, Grain,Ethyl Alcohol
D016166 Free Radical Scavengers Substances that eliminate free radicals. Among other effects, they protect PANCREATIC ISLETS against damage by CYTOKINES and prevent myocardial and pulmonary REPERFUSION INJURY. Free Radical Scavenger,Radical Scavenger, Free,Scavenger, Free Radical,Scavengers, Free Radical
D029766 Terminalia A plant genus of the family COMBRETACEAE. Members contain arjunin, an ellagitannin (TANNINS). Myrobalans,Arjun Tree,Arjuna Tree,Terminalia arjuna,Arjun Trees,Arjuna Trees,Myrobalan,Terminalias,Tree, Arjun,Tree, Arjuna,Trees, Arjun,Trees, Arjuna

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