Biomaterial Database

Cloning and sequencing of cDNA of bovine N-acetylglucosamine (beta 1-4)galactosyltransferase. 1986

H Narimatsu, and S Sinha, and K Brew, and H Okayama, and P K Qasba

Galactosyltransferases constitute a family of enzymes, each member of which transfers galactose from UDPgalactose to a specific acceptor molecule, generating a specific galactose-acceptor linkage. Two synthetic oligonucleotides, 27mer and 21mer, were synthesized, based on the amino acid sequences of two peptides derived from bovine milk N-acetylglucosaminide (beta 1-4)galactosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.90), and used as hybridization probes to isolate cDNA clones for galactosyltransferase from a bovine mammary gland cDNA library. One of the plasmids, designated pLbGT-1, contains an insert of about 3.7 kilobases that hybridizes to both of the probes and encodes the amino acid sequences of five peptides obtained from bovine milk (beta 1-4)galactosyltransferase. A second plasmid, designated pLbGT-2, contains an insert of about 4.1 kilobases that hybridizes to only the 27mer and that encodes a polypeptide containing the sequence of the carboxyl-terminal 120 residues identical to the peptide encoded by pLbGT-1; the rest of the protein sequence, however, does not contain known sequences from bovine galactosyltransferase. The two cDNAs contain a 3'-untranslated region of about 2.7 kilobases that includes two copies of the Alu-equivalent sequences. pLbGT-1 and pLbGT-2 hybridize to mRNAs of various sizes obtained from the bovine and rat mammary gland and the human mammary tumor cell line MCF-7, with the longest mRNA from each species being around 4.5 kilobases. The results show that pLbGT-1 is a cDNA clone for bovine (beta 1-4)galactosyltransferase, and pLbGT-2 encodes a protein that is structurally and may be functionally related to transferases.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007788	Lactose Synthase	An enzyme complex that catalyzes the transfer of GALACTOSE from UDP GALACTOSE to GLUCOSE, forming LACTOSE. The enzyme complex is composed of a B subunit, ALPHA-LACTALBUMIN, which changes the substrate specificity of the A subunit, N-ACETYLLACTOSAMINE SYNTHASE, from N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE to glucose making lactose synthesis the preferred reaction.	Lactose Synthetase,N-Acetylgucosamide 1-4 beta Galactosyl Transferase,N Acetylgucosamide 1 4 beta Galactosyl Transferase,Synthase, Lactose,Synthetase, Lactose
D009237	N-Acetyllactosamine Synthase	The A protein of the lactose synthase complex. In the presence of the B protein (LACTALBUMIN) specificity is changed from N-acetylglucosamine to glucose. EC 2.4.1.90.	N-Acetyllactosamine Synthetase,UDP Galactose Acetylglucosamine Galactosyltransferase,N-Acetylglucosamine beta-D-Galactosyltransferase,UDP Galactose-N-Acetylglucosamine Galactosyltransferase,beta-1,4-Galactosyltransferase,Galactosyltransferase, UDP Galactose-N-Acetylglucosamine,N Acetylglucosamine beta D Galactosyltransferase,N Acetyllactosamine Synthase,N Acetyllactosamine Synthetase,Synthase, N-Acetyllactosamine,Synthetase, N-Acetyllactosamine,UDP Galactose N Acetylglucosamine Galactosyltransferase,beta 1,4 Galactosyltransferase,beta-D-Galactosyltransferase, N-Acetylglucosamine
D009693	Nucleic Acid Hybridization	Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. The technique is used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands. (Kendrew, Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994, p503)	Genomic Hybridization,Acid Hybridization, Nucleic,Acid Hybridizations, Nucleic,Genomic Hybridizations,Hybridization, Genomic,Hybridization, Nucleic Acid,Hybridizations, Genomic,Hybridizations, Nucleic Acid,Nucleic Acid Hybridizations
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D002874	Chromosome Mapping	Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.	Gene Mapping,Linkage Mapping,Genome Mapping,Chromosome Mappings,Gene Mappings,Genome Mappings,Linkage Mappings,Mapping, Chromosome,Mapping, Gene,Mapping, Genome,Mapping, Linkage,Mappings, Chromosome,Mappings, Gene,Mappings, Genome,Mappings, Linkage
D003001	Cloning, Molecular	The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.	Molecular Cloning
D004247	DNA	A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).	DNA, Double-Stranded,Deoxyribonucleic Acid,ds-DNA,DNA, Double Stranded,Double-Stranded DNA,ds DNA
D004262	DNA Restriction Enzymes	Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA sequences which lack the species-specific methylation pattern in the host cell's DNA. Cleavage yields random or specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. The function of restriction enzymes is to destroy any foreign DNA that invades the host cell. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms. They are also used as tools for the systematic dissection and mapping of chromosomes, in the determination of base sequences of DNAs, and have made it possible to splice and recombine genes from one organism into the genome of another. EC 3.21.1.	Restriction Endonucleases,DNA Restriction Enzyme,Restriction Endonuclease,Endonuclease, Restriction,Endonucleases, Restriction,Enzymes, DNA Restriction,Restriction Enzyme, DNA,Restriction Enzymes, DNA
D000595	Amino Acid Sequence	The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.	Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia